### 📉 Ravi K. Warns: Economic Recovery on "Fiscal Knife-Edge"
Former Finance Minister Ravi Karunanayake cautions that while surface-level indicators have improved, Sri Lanka’s 2026 recovery remains fragile due to debt obligations and recent climate shocks. • Debt & Fiscal Benchmarks Sri Lanka is already servicing restructured debt; relief of US$ 17 Bn (2023-2027) is deemed "significant but temporary." IMF targets require foreign debt servicing to stay below 4.5% of GDP. Total public debt is mandated to drop to 95% of GDP by 2032. • Budgetary Impact of Cyclone Ditwah Recent disaster damages (est. US$ 4.1 Bn) forced a major 2026 Budget revision. The budget deficit projection has risen to 6.5% of GDP (up from 5.1%) following a Rs. 500 Bn allocation for reconstruction. • Revenue & Sector Outlook Taxation remains the primary tool for consolidation; however, aggressive expansion without growth may stifle SMEs. Tourism and worker remittances are key pillars for rebuilding reserves. Gross official reserves are projected to reach US$ 6.8 Bn by end-2025. • Strategic Warning The recovery is "stabilised but not secured." Sustaining momentum requires high export growth and disciplined spending to avoid "fiscal populism."
Govt. to Settle Rs. 23.87 Bn Outstanding Pharmaceutical Dues 💊
The Cabinet has approved the settlement of long-standing arrears for pharmaceutical supplies to stabilize the national healthcare supply chain. • Overall Settlement: The Government will pay Rs. 23.87 Bn in installments throughout 2026. This covers verified dues for the period from January 2018 to December 2023. • Beneficiaries: Payments are owed to the State Pharmaceutical Corporation (SPC), State Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Corporation, and various local manufacturers for drugs purchased and distributed via the Medical Supplies Division. • Verification Process: While the SPC reported total arrears of Rs. 32.92 Bn (dating back to 2008), a study by the Department of State Enterprises confirmed Rs. 23.87 Bn as the immediate payable amount for the 2018–2023 window. • Future Commitments: Outstanding dues for the period between 2008 and 2017 are currently being calculated, suggesting further financial outlays may be required once assessments are finalized. 📈 This move aims to provide liquidity to the pharmaceutical sector and ensure the uninterrupted supply of essential medicines within the public health system.
China Donates 11.48 Mn Metres of School Uniform Fabric to Sri Lanka 📈
The Chinese government has officially handed over a massive consignment of school uniform fabric to support the 2026 academic year, significantly easing the fiscal burden on the state and millions of families. • Overall Figures: A total grant of 11.484 million metres of fabric, valued at approximately LKR 5.6 Bn. The donation arrives in five shipments, with the first three already reaching the Colombo Port. • Beneficiary Impact: The program will benefit approximately 4,418,404 students nationwide. This includes children in all government and government-assisted schools, as well as student monks and lay students in government-approved Pirivenas. • Distribution Timeline: • Official Handover: Completed on January 13, 2026, by Prime Minister Harini Amarasuriya and Chinese Ambassador Qi Zhenhong. • Zonal Distribution: Scheduled to commence on January 19, 2026, to ensure students receive uniforms within the month. • Strategic Context: This donation marks the fourth consecutive year of China’s school uniform aid project (starting 2023), covering 100% of the national requirement for 2026. The move supports educational equity and provides vital social safety nets during the country's ongoing economic recovery. _Note: Distribution details based on provisional Ministry of Education schedules._
### 📈 World Bank: Global Resilience vs. Developing Economy Stagnation
The World Bank’s January 2026 Global Economic Prospects report reveals a resilient but deeply divided global economy. While advanced nations recover, 1 in 4 developing economies remains poorer than in 2019. • Global Growth Forecasts Global growth is projected at 2.6% in 2026 (upwardly revised) and 2.7% in 2027. Despite resilience, the 2020s are on track to be the weakest decade for growth since the 1960s. Global inflation is expected to ease to 2.6% by 2026. • Developing Economy Challenges Growth in developing nations is set to slow to 4.0% in 2026 from 4.2% in 2025. Per capita income in these regions remains only 12% of advanced economy levels. A massive "jobs challenge" looms with 1.2 billion young people entering the workforce this decade. • Regional & Sectoral Impact South Asia: Growth is projected to slow to 5.8%–6.2% in 2026 due to trade uncertainty and tech disruptions. Sri Lanka Context: Based on provisional data, Sri Lanka is expected to regain its 2018 real GDP levels by 2026, with growth stabilizing around 3.1%–3.5%. Focus sectors: Apparel & textiles and tourism-related services remain critical for recovery, though high food prices and debt servicing (103.9% debt-to-GDP in 2024) persist as risks. • Fiscal & Policy Priorities Restoring fiscal credibility is urgent; public debt in emerging markets is at a 50-year high. The report advocates for strict fiscal rules to improve budget balances by 1.4% of GDP over five years.
Proposal for a New Public Development Bank to Anchor Economic Recovery 📈
• The Current Crisis Sri Lanka faces a compounding economic crisis following Cyclone Ditwah, which caused US$ 4.1 Bn in asset damages. This adds to structural vulnerabilities from the 2022 debt crisis and ongoing IMF austerity measures. • The Development Finance Gap The absence of a dedicated public development bank has left SMEs and rural producers vulnerable. Current commercial lending focuses on short-term, high-interest loans, neglecting long-term projects in: Agribusiness and Manufacturing Infrastructure and ICT Industrial development in peripheral districts • Historical Context & Privatization Previously, the DFCC (est. 1955) and NDB (est. 1979) supported early industrialization in sectors like cement and tyres. However, both were commercialized or privatized by 2005 under neoliberal reforms, removing the state's mandate for concessional development finance. • Strategic Recommendations • Institutional Necessity: Establish a new public development bank to provide project-based financing rather than collateral-based loans. • Resilience: Use the bank as a counter-cyclical buffer against global trade tensions and climate shocks. • Diversification: Move away from "footloose" export dependency (e.g., apparel) toward strengthening domestic production and employment. • Global Context With over 500 development banks globally, countries like Ghana, Nigeria, and Vietnam are successfully using these institutions to bridge financing gaps and stabilize economies during shocks.
## 🇦🇺 Australia Migration: Stability Amidst Public Debate
• Policy Outlook: Despite rising anti-immigration headlines and housing pressures, Australia’s migration framework remains stable. Legal changes are slow-moving and structured, ensuring the system does not shift based on media sentiment or political rhetoric. • Economic Necessity: Migration is a long-term structural requirement. Industries such as health services (nurses/carers), construction (engineers), and the ICT/BPM sector (cyber security/AI) face chronic workforce shortages that the domestic population cannot fill. • Program Focus: The migration program is evolving rather than shrinking. Skilled migration remains the largest component of the permanent intake, with a continued emphasis on regional pathways and employer-sponsored visas to support national infrastructure. • Key Takeaways for Sri Lankans: • Eligibility is strictly based on points, skills, and qualifications, not public opinion. • Government planning levels remain substantial to counter an ageing population. • Focus on maximizing points and accurate skills assessments to remain a strong candidate. _Note: Based on expert analysis from certified migration consultants (January 2026)._
### 📈 CBSL Governor Calls for Revision of IMF Targets Post-Cyclone
Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) Governor Dr. Nandalal Weerasinghe has highlighted the need to adjust the International Monetary Fund (IMF) targets under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) due to the significant impact of Cyclone Ditwah. • Fiscal Adjustment & Recovery The 2026 budget, formulated prior to the disaster, must now accommodate unplanned reconstruction and relief spending. The World Bank estimates direct physical damage at US$ 4.1 Bn (approx. 4% of GDP), primarily affecting infrastructure and the agriculture sector. • Review Status & Emergency Funding The Fifth Review of the US$ 3 Bn EFF program—originally set for completion in late 2025—was deferred to allow for a full economic impact assessment. To bridge the gap, the IMF approved a US$ 206 Mn disbursement under the Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI), providing immediate liquidity without the delays of structural reviews. • Sectoral Impacts Agriculture: Devastated by the cyclone, posing risks to food security and rural livelihoods. Infrastructure: Extensive damage to roads, bridges, and power networks requiring massive capital expenditure. Apparel & Tea: Export logistics and production were temporarily disrupted by extreme weather. • Foreign Reserves Outlook Despite these shocks, the CBSL remains optimistic about external buffers, projecting official foreign reserves to reach approximately US$ 8 Bn by the end of 2026. _Note: Revisions to economic benchmarks will be discussed when the IMF mission team arrives later this month._
📈 Sri Lanka’s Digital Divide Deepens Despite Rising Literacy
The Department of Census and Statistics (2025 H1) reports a significant gap between basic mobile skills and the computer literacy required for formal employment, posing a hurdle for the national ICT/BPM and digital economy goals. • Overall Literacy & Access: • Digital literacy (mobile-based) reached 70.8%, but computer literacy lags at 38.4%. • Household computer ownership stagnates at 21.4%, remaining in the 20-21% range since 2023. • Internet usage is 60.4%, yet only 21.3% of the population uses e-mail, signaling a lack of advanced digital engagement. • Regional & Sector Disparities: • Urban computer literacy is 52.1%, significantly higher than Rural (36.6%) and Estate (18.6%) sectors. • Computer ownership in the Estate sector is just 5.8%. • The Western Province leads computer literacy at 49.8%, while the North Central Province is lowest at 23.5%. • Demographic & Occupational Trends: • Age: Computer literacy is highest among 15-19 year olds (75.6%) but drops sharply in older groups. • Education: Those with GCE A/L or higher show 78.6% literacy. • Employment: Literacy exceeds 90% in professional and clerical roles but falls to 34.2% in elementary occupations. The data suggests that while the digital economy is expanding, the lack of desktop/laptop access and advanced skills could reinforce existing socio-economic divides.
📈 Sri Lanka Social Security Board Achieves Record Progress in 2025
The Sri Lanka Social Security Board has reported its highest-ever progress in 2025, marking a significant milestone in its 30-year history of providing pension schemes for the unorganized sector. • Growth Performance: The value of new recruitments saw a dramatic surge, rising from Rs 167.41 million in 2024 to Rs 318.68 million in 2025 (provisional data indicates a 90.3% increase). • Digital Transformation: All management activities, including recruitments, returns payments, and administrative processes, are entering the final phase of digitalization. Full implementation is set for 2026 to ensure high efficiency and faster processing. • Strategic Impact: Under the Ministry of Rural Development, Social Security and Community Empowerment, these reforms aim to broaden the social safety net, providing critical financial security for workers outside formal employment structures. • Outlook: Minister Dr. Upali Pannilage highlighted that the board is now positioned to significantly accelerate the recruitment of new members starting in 2026.
📈 Sri Lanka Tourism: Over 67,000 Arrivals in First 8 Days of 2026
Sri Lanka’s tourism sector has started the year with strong momentum, recording 67,762 international arrivals between January 1 and January 8, 2026. This performance follows a record-breaking 2025, where the country welcomed 2.36 million visitors. • Overall Figures The Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority (SLTDA) reported a peak daily arrival of 9,275 tourists on January 6. The government is currently targeting a minimum of 3.0 million arrivals for the full year 2026. • Top Source Markets India continues to lead as the primary source of visitors, followed by traditional European strongholds and Australia: • India: 11,367 (17.0% of total) • Russia: 8,425 • United Kingdom: 6,067 • Germany: 5,306 • Australia: 3,285 • Economic Context The steady influx of tourists is vital for foreign exchange liquidity. While 2025 saw record volume, the industry is focusing on increasing high-yield travel as the average daily spend per tourist was recently adjusted to US$ 148. A visa-free scheme for select countries is expected to roll out in Q1 2026 to further boost these numbers.
📈 Blueprint for Sri Lanka’s Transformative Growth (2025–2030)
A high-level policy roadmap titled "Sustaining Transformative Growth in Sri Lanka (2025–2030)" was launched in Colombo on January 8, 2026. Produced by ODI Global and CEPA, the report outlines a strategy to move beyond debt-stabilization toward a resilient and inclusive economy. • Economic Performance & Outlook GDP Growth: Recovered to 5% in 2024 and 4.8% in early 2025. Inflation: Sharp reduction achieved from 2022 peaks, though poverty remains "alarmingly high" (est. 24.5% in 2024). Foreign Reserves: Increased significantly to approx. US$ 6.8 Bn from crisis-era lows. • Key Sectoral Opportunities Tourism: Identified as a "quick win" through improved branding and regional development. Digital Economy: Focus on tapping high-growth potential and modernizing public administration. Niche Manufacturing: Integration into global supply chains to diversify the export base. Agriculture: Modernization to support food security and rural employment. • Strategic Priorities Labor Market: Addressing the critical shortage of STEM graduates and increasing female workforce participation. Factor Markets: Reforming land, capital, and labor productivity to attract FDI. Institutions: Strengthening the Central Bank’s independence and restructuring loss-making SOEs (e.g., SriLankan Airlines, CEB).
### Private Sector Borrowing Hits Record Rs. 262 Bn 📈
Sri Lanka's private sector credit surged to its highest monthly level in 2025 during November, just before the impact of Cyclone Ditwah. The banking sector remains the primary driver of this liquidity expansion. • Overall Credit Figures Private sector borrowings: Rs. 262.6 Bn in Nov (up from Rs. 246.1 Bn in Oct). Total private debt stock: Rs. 10 Trillion (up 26% YoY). Domestic bank credit: Rs. 9.43 Trillion (up 27.9% YoY). • Public Sector & Interest Rates Public corporation debt: Down 11.3% YoY to Rs. 584.8 Bn. Government credit: Rs. 8.11 Trillion (marginal 0.1% YoY increase). Policy rates: CBSL maintained the Overnight Policy Rate at 7.75% in late November. • Post-Disaster Relief & Outlook Cyclone Ditwah impact: CBSL expects a brief inflation spike to ~3%, though IMF projections suggest it could exceed the 5% target. Debt relief: Banks directed to offer 3–6 month repayment holidays and waive penal fees for affected borrowers. Recovery loans: A 3% interest concessionary scheme is being rolled out for MSMEs, with mandatory registration to formalize small businesses and the informal sector. • Strategic Focus The government is prioritizing the rapid disbursement of credit to ensure stability in the agriculture and manufacturing sectors following widespread disruptions.
Sri Lanka Tourism Starts 2026 with 33,000+ Arrivals 📈
Sri Lanka’s tourism sector shows steady momentum in the first four days of 2026, marking an optimistic start toward ambitious annual targets. • Overall Performance: The country welcomed 33,076 tourists from January 1–4, a 3% YoY increase compared to 25,620 arrivals in the same period of 2025. The average daily arrivals rose to 8,269. • Top Source Markets: India remains the leading contributor, accounting for 15% of total arrivals. 1. India: 5,065 2. Russia: 3,948 (12%) 3. UK: 2,914 (9%) 4. Germany: 2,862 (9%) 5. Australia: 1,790 (5%) Other notable contributors include Poland, the US, Italy, China, and France. • Strategic Targets: For 2026, Sri Lanka Tourism aims for 3 million arrivals and US$ 5.0 Bn in revenue. This follows a record-breaking 2025, which saw 2.36 million arrivals and over US$ 3.2 Bn in earnings. • Economic Context: While footfall is increasing, industry experts emphasize a shift toward value generation over volume to maximize the sector's impact on national economic growth and foreign exchange liquidity.
📈 Historic Milestone: Sri Lanka’s Workers’ Remittances Cross US$ 8 Bn Mark
Sri Lanka has recorded its highest-ever annual workers' remittances in 2025, significantly boosting the country's foreign exchange inflows and strengthening the national economy. • Total Inflows: Remittances reached a record US$ 8.07 Bn in 2025, surpassing the US$ 8 Bn threshold for the first time in history. • Growth Rate: This reflects a substantial 22.8% increase compared to the US$ 6.57 Bn recorded in 2024. • Historical Context: The 2025 figure breaks the previous annual record of US$ 7.24 Bn set in 2016. • Monthly Peak: December 2025 also marked the highest-ever monthly inflow at US$ 879.1 Mn, eclipsing the prior December 2020 record of US$ 812.7 Mn. These record-breaking inflows from the migrant labor sector continue to be a vital pillar for Sri Lanka's external sector stability and balance of payments. _Source: Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) provisional data_
## Sri Lanka Exports Surpass $ 17 Bn in 2025 📈
Industry and Entrepreneurship Development Minister Sunil Handunneththi confirmed that Sri Lanka’s export revenues exceeded US$ 17 Bn in 2025, reflecting strong resilience and the impact of strategic policy support. • Key Performance Figures Total Export Revenue: Over US$ 17 Bn for the 2025 calendar year. Drivers: Attributed to coordinated policy support, market development, and public-private collaboration. • Strategic Focus & Growth Sectors The Minister identified several high-potential industries for scaling and diversification: Agriculture: Targeted for value addition and market expansion. ICT & Creative Industries: Recognized as critical sectors for long-term economic resilience. Lifestyle Products: Identified for significant growth potential through global exposure. • Sri Lanka Expo 2026 Event Launch: Official launch of the first national expo in 14 years. Objective: To serve as a catalyst for export expansion and diversification. Global Engagement: Sri Lankan foreign missions have been directed to proactively connect local exporters with international buyers and investors. • Outlook The government aims to pivot beyond traditional destinations by expanding the export basket into emerging markets, positioning Sri Lanka as a competitive global trading partner. _Data based on official ministerial statements._
China’s Inflation Hits 34-Month High Amid Persistent Factory Deflation 📈
• Overall Consumer Prices: China's Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 0.8% YoY in December 2025, the highest in nearly three years. However, full-year 2025 inflation remained flat (0.0%), significantly missing the government's 2% target. • Key Price Drivers: • Food: Prices surged for fresh vegetables (+18.2%) and beef (+6.9%), though pork fell 14.6%. • Luxury Goods: Gold jewellery prices spiked 68.5% YoY. • Core Inflation: Remained stable at 1.2%, indicating underlying demand remains modest. • Manufacturing & Trade: The Producer Price Index (PPI) fell 1.9% in December, marking over three years of continuous factory-gate deflation. For the full year, PPI dropped 2.6%, reflecting overcapacity and weak industrial demand. • Economic Outlook & Stimulus: While China likely met its 2025 growth targets, policymakers have allocated 62.5 Bn Yuan (US$ 8.95 Bn) for 2026 consumer trade-in schemes. This is critical for Sri Lankan exporters and apparel manufacturers monitoring global demand and raw material costs influenced by Chinese industrial health. • Policy Shift: Authorities have pledged more "proactive" macro policies for 2026, including potential interest rate cuts to counter deflationary pressures and boost household income.
📈 Sri Lankan Economist Highlights Rising Global Debt Risks
Sri Lankan economist Talal Rafi delivered a keynote address at the 20th AGBRP Annual Conference in Slovakia on January 7, warning of systemic instability caused by record-breaking global sovereign debt levels. • Global Debt Landscape (2024) Total Public Debt: Reached a record US$ 102 Tn, reflecting a US$ 5 Tn increase within a single year. Interest Burden: Developing nations are expanding debt at twice the pace of advanced economies. Fiscal Impact: A record 61 nations now spend over 10% of revenue on interest payments alone. • Macroeconomic Consequences Total Interest Payments: Hit a record US$ 921 Bn in 2024. Human Cost: Approximately 3.4 Bn people live in countries where debt servicing exceeds national spending on health or education. Core Drivers: Identified as persistent fiscal deficits, high borrowing costs, and populist policies. • Strategic Recommendations IMF Role: Rafi emphasized the necessity of a better-funded International Monetary Fund (IMF) as the "lender of last resort" to manage escalating global fragility. Growth Constraints: High debt levels are actively destabilizing macroeconomic fundamentals and constraining long-term global growth. _Source: Based on keynote address at the AGBRP Annual Conference, Slovakia._
📈 GCF Launches Monograph on Sri Lanka’s Human Capital Development
The Gamani Corea Foundation (GCF) is launching a new monograph today by veteran economist Dr. Nimal Sanderatne, titled “Development: not by economics alone.” The publication challenges traditional reliance on purely economic indicators to measure national progress. • Core Argument: Dr. Sanderatne posits that development cannot be understood through economic indicators alone. He emphasizes that the quality of human capital is shaped by deeper, non-formal processes—culture, value systems, and work ethics—rather than just formal education. • Socio-Economic Impact: The monograph explores how societal values influence critical economic behaviors, including: • Work ethics and attitudes toward leisure. • Capacity for teamwork and long-term goal setting. • Patterns of saving and consumption. • Expert Profile: Dr. Sanderatne, a former Central Bank official and former Chairman of the Bank of Ceylon and NDB, brings decades of experience as a social scientist and academic. The foreword is authored by Dr. Godfrey Gunatilleke, another eminent figure in Sri Lanka's development economics. • Event Details: The launch takes place today, Jan 9, 2026, at 4:00 p.m. at Horton Lodge. _Note: This summary is based on the official event announcement and monograph overview._
CBSL Forecasts 4-5% Growth for 2026 Amid Resilience Drive 📈
The Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) has released its 2026 Policy Agenda, projecting steady economic expansion despite the impact of recent climate shocks like Cyclone Ditwah. • Overall Growth & Reserves • Real GDP growth is projected at 4-5% for 2026. • Gross Official Reserves reached US$ 6.8 Bn by end-2025, the highest since the crisis. • The external current account maintained a surplus for the 3rd consecutive year. • Monetary & Fiscal Highlights • Inflation is expected to align with the 5% target by H2 2026. • Credit to the private sector saw significant expansion, while public sector borrowing contracted. • Recovery is supported by a surge in vehicle imports and strengthened demand conditions. • Sector Resilience & Risks • Banking & Finance: Improved asset quality and capital buffers; introduction of Countercyclical Capital Buffers. • Agriculture & Infrastructure: Short-term supply chain disruptions from Cyclone Ditwah are expected to be offset by reconstruction spending. • Sustainability: Expansion of the Sustainable Finance Roadmap 2.0 to mitigate climate-related risks. • Strategic Outlook The CBSL emphasizes a shift from "recovery to resilience," focusing on data-driven monetary policy and the National Financial Inclusion Strategy (Phase II) to support underserved populations and green finance.
📈 Sri Lanka’s Official Reserves Hit US$ 6.82 Bn in Dec 2025
Sri Lanka’s official reserve assets rose by 13.1% in December 2025, reaching US$ 6.825 billion, up from US$ 6.034 billion in November, according to the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL). • Overall Reserve Figures • Official Reserve Assets: US$ 6.825 Bn (Dec) vs US$ 6.034 Bn (Nov). • Total Foreign Currency Reserves: Increased to US$ 6.734 Bn by end-December. • Gross Official Currency Reserves: Stood at US$ 5.944 Mn (November baseline). • Key Components & Conditions • Includes the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) swap arrangement of approx. US$ 1.4 Bn. • Note: The PBOC swap remains subject to specific usability conditionalities. • Economic Context The reserve growth reflects continued stabilization within the external sector, supported by a recovery in tourism and workers' remittances throughout 2025. This liquidity buffer is critical for maintaining currency stability and meeting essential import requirements. _Data based on provisional Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) statistics as of Jan 8, 2026._
## 📈 Sri Lanka 2.0: Strategy for Investment Grade Status
A strategic roadmap proposes transforming Sri Lanka from a crisis-hit nation into a regional "turnaround story" by 2035 through fiscal discipline and tech-driven growth. • Fiscal Foundation & Stability • Goal: Reach Investment Grade status within 7 years to lower capital costs. • Constitutional limit on fiscal deficits to restore international market trust. • Establish a "Temasek-style" State Investment Fund to manage SOEs like SriLankan Airlines and CEB, requiring profitability within 3 years. • Introduce Debt-for-Nature Swaps to attract ESG capital and reduce external debt. • Digitalization & Transparency • Implement e-Procurement and a Digital Land Registry to curb corruption and unlock domestic credit. • Deploy LEO Satellites (e.g., Starlink) for 100Mbps connectivity in rural areas, bypassing expensive fiber costs. • New Growth Model: Value Over Volume • Logistics: Upgrade ports into South Asian "gateways" with value-added services. • Tourism: Shift from mass market to high-end wellness/Ayurveda to increase revenue per tourist. • Tea: Use Blockchain to secure provenance and premium pricing for Ceylon Tea. • Energy: Establish an undersea green energy link to India for export. • Human Capital & Social Safety • Prioritize STEM and English to compete in ICT/BPM and remote work sectors. • "Nutri-Lanka" program: Free school meals sourced from local farmers to combat a 26% poverty rate. • Incentivize the diaspora to reverse the "brain drain" and bring back global expertise.
Sri Lanka's Recovery: Leveraging Global Trust for Resilience 📈
• Strategic Focus: Foreign assistance is being positioned not just as emergency relief, but as a tool for economic stabilization and infrastructure reconstruction. The goal is to "Build Back Better" by integrating climate-resilient standards and hazard mapping into the national reset. • Fiscal Impact: Concessional financing (grants and soft loans) is critical to bridge the fiscal gap without triggering inflation or high interest rates. This external support preserves macroeconomic discipline while protecting the domestic tax base. • Sector Revitalization: • MSMEs: Targeted credit lines and guarantee schemes are essential to revive small businesses, agriculture, and tourism, preventing permanent closures and stabilizing employment. • Infrastructure: Multilateral partnerships bring global technical expertise to rebuild roads, water systems, and schools, ensuring regional productivity. • ICT/BPM & Digital Governance: Implementation of digital grant management and transparent procurement systems to enhance accountability and investor confidence. • Leadership as an Asset: President Anura Kumara Dissanayake’s international standing as a reform-oriented leader is viewed as "economic capital." This credibility is expected to: • Improve financing terms (lower rates, longer maturities). • Accelerate aid disbursement speeds. • Crowd in private investment and diaspora engagement by signaling policy stability. • Economic Outlook: Based on current recovery data, the focus shifts from aid dependency to using global trust as leverage for long-term, inclusive growth and sustainable revenue mobilization.
📈 President Pushes Formalization & Concessionary Credit for SMEs
President Anura Kumara Dissanayake has directed officials to fast-track the integration of the informal sector into the formal economy while expanding relief for businesses impacted by Cyclone Ditwah. The move aims to protect viable enterprises from collapse and improve national productivity. • Relief & Credit Schemes 3% Interest Rate: Concessionary credit under the RE-MSME Disaster Relief scheme is being accelerated for disaster-hit businesses. Loan Limits: Micro-enterprises can access up to Rs. 250,000, while SMEs are eligible for up to Rs. 1,000,000 for a 3-year tenure. Target Group: The government is targeting support for approximately 130,000 entrepreneurs to aid recovery. • Formalization & Sector Support SME Registration: A new mechanism is being developed to encourage unregistered SMEs to formalize, granting them better access to state support and banking facilities. Flexibility: District Secretaries will report on unregistered businesses to ensure technical non-compliance does not disqualify them from essential disaster relief. Agriculture & Housing: Crop compensation payments are being expedited, and construction for fully damaged houses is set to begin on January 9 in Anuradhapura and Kurunegala. • Economic Outlook The President emphasized that post-disaster interventions must transition businesses toward higher productivity rather than just restoring pre-disaster levels. Officials were cautioned against inefficient utilization of development funds, which could delay broader economic recovery targets.
Sri Lanka Signs € 188 Mn Debt Restructuring Deal with Germany 📈
Sri Lanka has officially signed a bilateral agreement with the Federal Republic of Germany to restructure external debt totaling € 188 million, marking a significant step in restoring national debt sustainability. • Key Figures & Agreement: The deal involves the rescheduling of € 188 million in outstanding debt. The agreement was signed by Treasury Secretary Dr. Harshana Suriyapperuma and German Embassy Chargé d’Affaires a.i. Sarah Hasselbarth. • Context & Process: The agreement follows the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) previously concluded with the Official Creditor Committee (OCC). This move is part of the broader strategy to revamp the economy and finalize the external debt restructuring process. • Impact: Beyond immediate financial relief, the agreement is expected to strengthen long-standing bilateral relations and support the country's transition toward a more sustainable fiscal framework. _Source: Finance Ministry (Provisional Data)_
## SLTDA to Launch Tourism Revenue Leakage Survey 📈
The Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority (SLTDA) will launch a comprehensive tourism leakage survey late this month to determine the actual retention of foreign exchange within the domestic economy. This follow-up study aims to refine the "net economic gain" after recent data showed a decline in average visitor spending. • Spending Revisions The survey follows a sharp downward revision of average daily tourist spending from US$ 171 to US$ 148 (based on August 2025 assessments). This update replaces outdated 2018 benchmarks to better reflect current market dynamics. • Spending by Segment • Package Tourists: Highest value at US$ 214.90 per day, dominated by the UK market and travelers aged 60+. • Independent Travellers: Averaged US$ 148.26 per day, with Russian tourists leading this category. These visitors tend to distribute spending across local transport and community-based experiences. • Leakage Factors The study will systematically measure "leakage"—revenue that exits the country via: • Imports of specialized food, beverages, and luxury amenities. • Repatriation of profits by foreign-owned hotels and airlines. • Commissions to overseas marketing agents and foreign worker remittances. • Economic Impact Understanding these outflows is critical for Sri Lanka's policy formulation, ensuring that tourism growth translates into higher local incomes and employment rather than just rising arrival numbers. _Note: Analysis is based on provisional data from the 2024/2025 national airport exit survey._
📈 Sri Lanka 2025: Record Growth & Resilience Post-Cyclone
Sri Lanka concluded 2025 with strong macroeconomic recovery despite the impact of Cyclone Ditwah, shifting from stabilization to a high-growth trajectory. • Macroeconomic Performance • GDP growth hit approx. 5%, exceeding forecasts. • Inflation remained low/deflationary; interest rates (AWPLR) eased to 8-9%. • Foreign reserves strengthened to US$ 6.3 Bn, despite US$ 4 Bn in debt servicing and US$ 2 Bn for vehicle imports. • Debt restructuring is nearly complete (99% of eligible obligations). • Record Exports & Inflows • Apparel & textiles, tea, and coconut products hit all-time high export values. • ICT/BPM (IT & services) showed significant momentum. • Tourism arrivals reached the highest levels since 2018; workers' remittances hit record peaks. • Capital Markets (CSE) • ASPI gained ~40% in 2025 (up 166% over 3 years). • Average daily turnover reached a record Rs. 5.18 Bn. • Listed company earnings for Q1-Q3 2025 totaled Rs. 520 Bn. • Market capitalization reached Rs. 8 Trillion (US$ 26 Bn). • Cyclone Recovery & 2026 Outlook • Rebuilding costs estimated at US$ 5 Bn; Govt. holds Rs. 1.2 Trillion in treasury cash. • 2026 growth projected at 5-6% driven by infrastructure spending and 80% capital budget utilization. • Key opportunities in construction, logistics, and agriculture modernization.
Dr. D. S. Wijesinghe: A Quantitative Economist's Enduring Legacy on Sri Lanka's Economy 📈
A tribute highlights Dr. D. S. Wijesinghe, a former Deputy Governor of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka, and his profound contributions to the nation's economic policy through rigorous quantitative analysis. • Early Career & Groundbreaking Research: Joining the Central Bank in 1974, Dr. Wijesinghe earned a PhD in Quantitative Economics from the University of Warwick (1983). His thesis, "Some Experiments with a Multisectoral Intertemporal Optimisation Model for Sri Lanka," offered critical insights. • Critique of Public Investment Program (PIP): He found the Government's 1979-84 Public Investment Program (PIP) was "hastily developed," based on judgmental assumptions, and overestimated its goals, leading to concerns about feasibility and foreign funding. • Key Economic Insights: Emphasized efficient investment allocation over mere volume as crucial for economic development. Identified paucity of domestic savings and the need for high foreign exchange flows as binding constraints on growth. Predicted that infeasible public expenditure plans without sufficient foreign funding would lead to high inflation and a foreign exchange crisis – a prediction validated in the early 1980s. Concluded that import substitution policies prior to 1977 were only marginally effective and insufficient for accelerating development. • Missed Opportunity: Lord Nicholas Stern, Dr. Wijesinghe's PhD supervisor at Warwick, noted that the Central Bank denied him a Postdoctoral Fellowship, preventing a greater global academic impact. • Lasting Relevance: Dr. Wijesinghe's research on savings, foreign aid, and optimal development paths remains highly relevant for Sri Lanka's current economic challenges, including the need for sustainable growth and addressing foreign exchange issues.
📈 Sri Lanka to Co-Host 2026 Asian Regional Debt Management Conference 🇱🇰
Sri Lanka has secured Cabinet approval to co-host the prestigious 2026 Asian Regional Debt Management Conference at the end of May. • This annual event, organized by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), is a vital platform for debt managers and financial officials from member countries. • The conference aims to strengthen regional public debt management, foster international cooperation, and explore innovative approaches to fiscal governance. • Spanning four to five days, it will feature technical workshops on debt management operations, risk mitigation, and capacity-building initiatives. • Participation is expected from ministries of finance, central banks, and debt management offices across Asia, promoting knowledge exchange and best practices. • President Anura Kumara Dissanayake, also the Finance Minister, proposed the initiative, emphasizing its strategic importance for enhancing bilateral and regional relationships.
IMF Approves US$206M Emergency Aid for Sri Lanka 🇱🇰
The IMF Executive Board has approved immediate emergency financial support of US$206 million (SDR150.5 million) for Sri Lanka under the Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI). • This aid is crucial to address urgent balance-of-payments and fiscal pressures caused by the catastrophic Cyclone Ditwah, which struck on November 28, claiming over 600 lives and displacing over 100,000 people. • The cyclone caused widespread destruction to infrastructure and livelihoods, creating significant humanitarian and reconstruction needs. • Sri Lanka's government has responded swiftly with relief measures, supported by strong fiscal performance in 2025. • The Central Bank of Sri Lanka is prepared to offer liquidity support to the financial system if required. • Due to the cyclone's impact, the Fifth Review under the existing Extended Fund Facility (EFF) has been deferred, with discussions set to resume in early 2026 to assess recovery and reconstruction needs. • Despite the setback, authorities remain committed to the IMF-supported economic reform program, which has shown positive results in economic recovery, price stability, and reserve rebuilding, although GDP has not yet reached pre-crisis levels.
📈 Sri Lanka's Economy Sees Strong Q3 2025 Growth
Sri Lanka's GDP recorded a significant 5.4% positive growth rate in the third quarter of 2025 (July-September). • The GDP at constant (2015) prices reached Rs. 3,325,611 million in Q3 2025, up from Rs. 3,154,148 million in Q3 2024. • All key sectors contributed to this expansion: • Industrial activities grew by 8.1%. • Agricultural activities saw a 3.6% increase. • Services activities expanded by 3.5%.
Here's a plan:
1. Headline: Create a short, informative headline. 2. Manufacturing PMI: Index value and overall trend. Key contributing sub-indices (New Orders, Production, Employment, Stocks of Purchases, Suppliers' Delivery Time). Driving sectors for New Orders. Outlook. 3. Services PMI: Index value and overall trend. Key contributing sub-indices (Business Activities, New Businesses, Employment, Backlogs of Work). Driving sectors for Business Activities and New Businesses. Outlook and concerns. 4. Formatting: Use bullet points, bold specific sectors, and keep it under 300 words.📈 Sri Lanka PMIs Show November 2025 Expansion Sri Lanka's Purchasing Managers' Indices (PMI) indicate continued expansion in both Manufacturing and Services activities in November 2025. • Manufacturing PMI recorded 55.5, showing expansion with favorable contributions from all sub-indices. • New Orders expanded, driven by food and beverages and textiles and apparel. • Production remained neutral, while Employment and Stocks of Purchases increased. • Suppliers’ Delivery Time lengthened due to continued demand for inputs. • Outlook for the next three months remains positive, boosted by anticipated seasonal demand. • Services PMI recorded 50.5, indicating a slower expansion compared to the previous month, partly due to adverse weather. • Business activities expanded, primarily driven by accommodation, food, and beverage services and strengthening financial services. • New Businesses increased, supported by demand in financial services and wholesale & retail trade. • Employment expanded for seasonal operational needs; Backlogs of Work increased after a three-month decline. • Expectations for the next quarter improved, supported by favorable macroeconomic conditions and festive demand, despite some concerns over weather impacts on consumer demand.
Cyclone Ditwah Relief: Govt. Disburses Over Rs. 13 Billion 📈
The Sri Lankan government has disbursed over Rs. 13 billion for relief, recovery, and reconstruction efforts following Cyclone Ditwah's widespread devastation. • Funding Source: Funds were disbursed through supplementary Budget approvals proposed by President Anura Kumara Dissanayake and approved by Parliament. • Objective: The focus is on rapid fund flow and resources to help affected communities and businesses resume normal life, aiming to uplift living standards beyond pre-disaster levels. • International Aid: • A consignment of Starlink satellite communication units from the US has arrived to strengthen connectivity in disaster-affected and remote areas. • Temporary bridges from several countries have been received to restore access to cut-off villages. • Domestic Contributions: • The 'Rebuilding Sri Lanka' Fund received Rs. 100 million from Gangaramaya Temple. • An equivalent of Rs. 23 million (SGD) was contributed by a Singaporean temple, specifically for the reconstruction of affected religious places. • Operational Efforts: The Finance Ministry has established a live data collection system to channel resources effectively, while strengthening transparency and coordination remains central to recovery.
📈 Sri Lanka's Budget Deficit Down 57% YTD Oct., Primary Surplus Surges
Sri Lanka's fiscal performance continued to strengthen through October 2025, with significant improvements in the budget deficit and primary surplus. • Budget Deficit: Down 57% YoY to Rs. 455.8 Bn (from Rs. 1.06 Tn) for Jan-Oct 2025. • Primary Surplus: Increased by 96% YoY to Rs. 1.63 Tn (from Rs. 830.7 Bn). • Total Revenue: Rose 33% YoY to Rs. 4.3 Tn. • Tax revenue: Up 34% YoY to Rs. 4.03 Tn. • Non-tax revenue: Up 19% YoY to Rs. 303 Bn. • Total Expenditure: • Recurrent expenditure: Up 11% YoY to Rs. 4.22 Tn. • Capital and net lending: Increased 9% YoY to Rs. 582 Bn. Post-Ditwah Recovery Efforts: • The government plans supplementary estimates: Rs. 50 Bn for 2025 and Rs. 500 Bn for 2026 for relief and recovery. • IMF is reviewing a request for ~US$ 200 Mn via a Rapid Financing Instrument for Ditwah relief. The fifth review of the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) has been postponed to early 2026. Experts warn against accumulating "larger than necessary" surpluses at the expense of investment, emphasizing the need for accelerating reforms and attracting foreign and domestic private capital for sustainable growth.
📈 Sri Lanka Private Sector Borrowing Hits Record High in Oct 2025
• Private sector borrowings surged to a record Rs. 246.10 billion in October 2025, the highest monthly figure this year. • Total outstanding private sector credit reached Rs. 9.76 trillion, marking a significant 24.1% year-on-year (YoY) increase. • Domestic banking sector credit to the private sector amounted to Rs. 247.7 billion in October, contributing to a 25.8% YoY growth in outstanding debt from local banks over 10 months. • Government credit outstanding grew 2.8% YoY to Rs. 8.2 trillion by end-October. • Credit to public corporations declined 12% YoY to Rs. 587 billion. • The Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) maintained policy rates at 7.75% in November 2025, prior to Cyclone Ditwah. • Post-Ditwah, CBSL expects a brief inflation increase to ~3% due to supply chain disruptions, anticipating a return to normal once bottlenecks clear. • CBSL has introduced measures to support Ditwah-affected businesses and households: • Debt relief (3-6 month suspension of capital/interest repayments). • New loans with capped interest rates. • Waiver of penal charges until end-January 2026. • Easing of credit access by not automatically rejecting based on adverse CRIB records. • Affected borrowers must request relief by January 15, 2026.
📈 Sri Lanka's Remittances Surge Past $7 Billion YTD in 2025!
• Workers’ remittances for the first 11 months of 2025 crossed US$ 7.1 billion, marking a significant 20.7% YoY increase. This is the strongest January-November performance since 2016. • November 2025 inflows reached US$ 673.4 million, a robust 27% YoY increase and continuing a series of strong monthly performances this year. • The current YTD total is 9.7% higher than the US$ 6.5 billion recorded in the same period of 2016, a benchmark year for remittances. • This strong recovery follows a 57% surge to US$ 5.96 billion in 2023 from a 12-year low in 2022, further increasing by 10.1% to US$ 6.57 billion in 2024. • Workers' remittances remain Sri Lanka's single largest source of foreign exchange, crucial for external finances and balance of payments stability.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka's 2026 Budget: A Call for Performance & Evaluation Amidst Crisis 📈
Sri Lanka faces a national emergency from Cyclone Ditwah, impacting parliamentary debates on the 2026 Budget. The President presented the Budget prior to the calamity, prompting a need for a unified "national reading" focused on recovery. • 2026 Budget Insights: • Some view it as reflecting a liberal policy, emphasizing investment in human capital, infrastructure-led growth, private enterprise support, and fiscal discipline. • However, critics argue it's premature to label it fully liberal due to state dominance in some sectors, weak performance management, broad subsidies, and a need for tax rationalisation. • Urgent Need for Budget Monitoring: • Budget implementation often falls between 30-50% historically. • A robust monitoring system is crucial, drawing from global best practices (e.g., India's PFMS, OECD frameworks). • Proposed National Budget Performance and Evaluation Office: • Purpose: Strengthen fiscal governance, ensure public spending delivers measurable value, and provide independent, data-driven tracking. • Functions: Monitor Budget implementation, program outcomes, develop KPIs, performance scorecards, and annual evaluation reports. • Benefits: Enable evidence-based decision-making, improve Budget credibility, reduce wastage, foster transparency, and accountability, shifting towards performance-oriented results. This initiative is seen as critical for Sri Lanka's economic paradigm shift towards export diversification, strengthened governance, and institutional efficiency.
🚨 UNDP Urges International Support for Sri Lanka's Post-Ditwah Recovery 🚨
The UNDP is calling on international partners for urgent, affordable financing and innovative instruments to help Sri Lanka recover from Cyclone Ditwah, warning the nation cannot absorb more debt after its economic crisis. • Cyclone Ditwah flooded 1.1 million hectares (~20% of Sri Lanka's land) and exposed 2.3 million people to severe flooding, triggering nearly 1,200 landslides. • Major Impact: • Nearly 720,000 buildings (including 243 hospitals, hundreds of schools) exposed to floodwaters. • Over 16,000 km of roads and 480 bridges affected, along with 278 km of railway lines and 35 rail bridges. • Generated over 240,000 tons of non-construction waste and 60,000 cubic metres of construction debris. • Agricultural losses are significant, with over 530,000 hectares of paddy land flooded, heightening food insecurity in several districts where 20-30% of households lack dry food stocks. • High-need regions include Puttalam, Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu, central highlands, and parts of the North and East, where pre-existing vulnerabilities compound the disaster's effects. • UNDP's early recovery priorities include debris clearance, rehabilitating community infrastructure, supporting MSMEs and household income generation, and replacing lost civil/financial documentation. International support is crucial to stabilize livelihoods and ensure recovery without deepening Sri Lanka's debt burden.
Pathfinder Foundation event highlights urgency of public finance management in South Asia
The Pathfinder Foundation recently hosted a high-level event on “Managing Public Finance: The South Asian Experience,” bringing together scholars, think tanks, and experts. • Key Concerns: Pathfinder Foundation Chairman Bernard Goonetilleke emphasized the critical need for sound fiscal governance in the wake of recent socio-political crises in Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bangladesh, underscoring that fiscal policy can no longer be treated as secondary. The discussion gained particular urgency following the catastrophic cyclone in Sri Lanka. • Global Debt & Data Gaps: Former IMF Asia and Pacific Department Director Anoop Singh delivered the keynote, noting the global economy's shift and the heightened role of public finance in economic growth. He highlighted that rising global debt, reaching historic highs, is significantly driven by "data gaps" – inconsistencies, misclassifications, and unreported debt/expenditure, often deliberate. Singh called for a robust framework for global financial reporting, supported by monitoring systems and upholding institutions. • Sri Lankan Context: Distinguished Fellows, former Central Bank Governors Dr. R.H.S. Samaratunga and Dr. Indrajit Coomaraswamy, also shared insights. The event's dialogue aims to guide Sri Lanka towards a sustainable and prosperous future through improved public finance practices.
⚠️ Sri Lanka Faces Most Material Disaster Impact, Warns Moody's Ratings
Moody's Ratings highlights that recent tropical cyclones and heavy monsoon rains have severely impacted South and Southeast Asia. • The economic, fiscal, and credit impact of these disasters is expected to be most material for Sri Lanka (Caa1 stable). • While other affected governments (Indonesia Baa2 stable, Philippines Baa2 stable, Vietnam Ba2 stable) also face high credit exposure to physical climate risks, Sri Lanka has significantly weaker fiscal capacity to enhance its resilience. • Moody's also points to governance risks, with both Sri Lanka and Vietnam scoring 4 for governance issuer profile, indicating high credit exposure despite recent reforms. • The severity of flooding underscores broader, long-term credit vulnerabilities to physical climate risks across the region, compounded by limited natural catastrophe insurance coverage.
🚨 IMF Postpones SL's Fifth Review for Emergency Funding 🚨
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has deferred Sri Lanka's Fifth Review of the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) program to early 2026. • New Priority: The immediate focus is on Sri Lanka's request for an additional US$ 200 million in emergency financing via a Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) following Cyclone Ditwah. • Fifth Review Delay: Originally set for 15 December, the Fifth Review has been postponed to allow time for assessing the emergency funding and a potential increase in the next EFF tranche. • Tranche on Hold: The expected disbursement of approximately US$ 347 million from the Fifth Review is currently on hold but could be expanded upon further evaluation. • Government Consent: President and Finance Minister Anura Kumara Dissanayake confirmed the government has consented to the shift, prioritizing urgent foreign exchange needs. • IMF Visit: An IMF team will visit Sri Lanka in early 2026 to resume discussions on the Fifth Review. RFI support will be in addition to the EFF.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka's Reserves Dip 3% to US$ 6.03 Bn in November 📉
• Sri Lanka's official reserves fell to US$ 6.03 billion by end-November 2025, a 3% decrease from US$ 6.21 billion in October. • This marks the lowest reserve level for 2025, down from a peak of US$ 6.51 billion in March and US$ 6.45 billion a year ago (end-November 2024). • Foreign currency reserves dropped to US$ 5.94 billion (from US$ 6.1 billion). • Gold reserves saw a slight increase to US$ 85 million (from US$ 80 million). • IMF Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) significantly decreased to US$ 2 million (from US$ 31 million). • The Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) estimates foreign currency payments over the next 12 months at US$ 2.05 billion.
CBSL Chief: Don't Forget Reforms Amidst Ditwah Recovery! 🇱🇰
CBSL Governor Dr. Nandalal Weerasinghe warns against letting post-Ditwah reconstruction overshadow critical structural reforms, emphasizing that Sri Lanka's growth foundation remains fragile. • Reform Agenda: Crucial for macroeconomic, fiscal, external, and financial stability. Must continue, especially in trade and labour productivity. • Ditwah Impact: Expected to cause a temporary inflation uptick (2% to 3%) due to supply chain disruptions, but monetary stability will hold. Fiscal space is available for reconstruction. • Balance of Payments: Minimal significant external impact expected from the cyclone. • Global Risks: Concerns over US tariff policy have eased. Energy prices and political developments remain uncertainties, though renewables help mitigate exposure. Global interest rate changes pose limited impact. • Medium-Term Growth: Shift from consumption to investment-led growth is vital. Essential reforms include improving sovereign rating, reducing non-tariff barriers, enhancing labour productivity, and strengthening regional integration (e.g., RCEP).
🇨🇳 China's Reserves Update: Forex up, Gold continues streak! 📈
• China's foreign exchange reserves hit US$ 3,346.4 Bn at end-November, a modest increase of US$ 3 Bn (0.09%) from October. • This growth was influenced by a declining US Dollar Index and mixed global financial asset prices, according to SAFE. • Gold holdings increased by 30,000 ounces month-on-month, reaching 74.12 million ounces – marking the 13th consecutive month of accumulation. • China's economy maintains overall stability, providing a solid foundation for these steady reserve levels. • Economic growth is supported by positive outcomes from US-China trade talks and improvements to the qualified foreign institutional investor (QFII) system, enhancing attractiveness for overseas capital.
Sri Lanka's Ditwah Response: Beware the "Unseen" Economic Impacts 📉
• Sri Lanka's progress is repeatedly hindered by policies that neglect "unseen" economic consequences, especially urgent now with the Ditwah disaster response and monetary policy. • Price Controls Fallacy: • Following Ditwah, government action against retailers raising prices for necessities is seen as suppressing a price spike. • The "unseen" effect, however, is prolonged shortages, misallocation of resources, and disincentivizing the private sector from taking risks to deliver goods. • Higher prices naturally ration limited goods and incentivize entrepreneurs to increase supply, which would eventually drive prices down. • Central Bank & Inflation Tax: • Post-Ditwah, increased government spending for relief is likely to be financed by the Central Bank printing money, similar to the post-COVID period. • This "invisible tax" (inflation) dilutes purchasing power, transfers wealth from the poor to the rich (Cantillon Effect), and creates artificial economic booms followed by busts. • The Central Bank is argued to have "completely failed" its mandate of financial, economic, and price stability since its inception, leading to profound societal costs. • Path Forward: • The government must empower market mechanisms rather than attempting to override them. • Focus on fundamental duties: upholding the rule of law, protecting property rights, and ensuring a stable monetary framework. • This restraint would free capital, honor savers, and allow market prices to efficiently allocate resources, fostering a resilient, private-sector-led recovery and prosperity.
📈 Remembering Dr. A.G. Karunasena: A Central Bank Luminary
A tribute to Dr. A.G. Karunasena, an "unsung hero" of Sri Lanka's Central Bank, highlights his profound contributions to economics and policy-making. • Early Career & Groundbreaking Research: • Joined CBSL in 1976. • Developed the first comprehensive Macroeconometric Model for Sri Lanka in 1983 during his PhD at McMaster University. • Model disaggregated sectors like tea, rubber, coconut, and rice to understand economic drivers. • His research suggested economic growth can be boosted by shifting government expenditure from consumer to producer subsidies. • Key Roles at Central Bank & IMF: • Headed the new Macro Planning Division, applying his model for policy simulations (e.g., impact of fertilizer subsidies on tea production). • Served as Alternative Executive Director for Sri Lanka's constituency at the IMF, securing a Standby Facility in 2000 during a balance of payments crisis. • As Director of Economic Research (DER), he advocated for a peaceful solution to the ethnic issue in the 2001 Annual Report. • Elevated to Assistant Governor in 2004, supporting CBSL modernization, restructuring IBSL, and initiating an inflation targeting framework. • International Leadership: • Appointed Executive Director of the SEACEN Centre in Kuala Lumpur in 2006, leading new research and training programs until 2012. Dr. Karunasena was known for his belief in economic policy backed by quantitative evidence, leaving a lasting legacy on Sri Lanka's economic analysis and central banking.
AKD Unveils Disaster Recovery Plan & Massive Supplementary Estimates 📈
• President Anura Kumara Dissanayake rejected calls for an interim Budget, outlining a recovery blueprint based on two major supplementary estimates following the 'Ditwah' disaster. • Immediate funding: Parliament is asked to approve Rs. 50 b for urgent disaster relief on Dec. 19. A further Rs. 500 b supplementary estimate will be presented in Jan. 2026. • Total allocation available for the next 25 days, including existing funds, is Rs. 72.2 b. • International Support: Government is seeking to increase the size of the next IMF tranche (originally $324 m) and has requested an additional $200 m in SDR support for immediate foreign exchange needs. • Household & Property Relief: Compensation for fully destroyed houses and business premises is up to Rs. 5 million each. Displaced families who lost livelihoods will receive Rs. 50,000 per month. • Sector Support: Central focus on agriculture. Grants include Rs. 150,000/hectare for paddy/grains and Rs. 200,000/hectare for vegetables. Registered SMEs and livestock farms will receive Rs. 200,000 each. • The plan includes forming a Presidential Task Force and calling for a three-year common policy framework for national reconstruction. Rs. 40 b from existing road development funds will be redirected.
✅ Budget 2026 Clears Final Parliamentary Vote
• Parliament approved the Third Reading of Budget 2026, concluding the legislature’s annual budget proceedings. • Vote Tally: A total of 158 MPs voted in favour, with 1 voting against and 2 abstentions. • The approval followed a 21-day debate. • This is the second budget presented by the National Peoples’ Power (NPP) administration. • Parliament is scheduled to reconvene on 6 January 2026.
📰 Severe Weather Disaster Update: Death Toll Rises to 607, Over 2 Million Affected
• The islandwide severe weather has tragically caused 607 deaths and left 214 people missing, based on DMC figures (as of 6 p.m. yesterday). • Total affected individuals exceed 2.08 million across all 25 districts, impacting 586,464 families. • Kandy recorded the largest death toll at 232, followed by Nuwara Eliya (89) and Badulla (83). • The highest number of affected families was reported in Puttalam, Colombo, Gampaha, and Kurunegala. • Significant damage to property: 4,164 houses fully destroyed and 67,505 partially damaged. • Currently, 1,211 safety centres are operational, sheltering 152,537 people (43,715 families). • Relief efforts are focused on high displacement districts (Colombo, Puttalam, Gampaha) amidst ongoing risks from unstable ground conditions. 🙏
📈 SL Exports Gaining Momentum: EDB Targets $20 Bn Milestone
• Current Performance: Sri Lanka is on course to surpass US$ 16–17 Billion in exports this year (2025), a performance noted as one of the strongest in recent years. • Overcoming Stagnation: This momentum breaks nearly a decade of stagnation, during which export earnings remained between US$ 13–15 Billion. • New Target Set: The Export Development Board (EDB) has set the next key milestone for the sector at US$ 20 Billion. • Growth Drivers: The EDB credits the stronger trajectory to recent policy reforms, revived advisory structures, performance-based targets, and wider product development. • National Priority—SMEs: Strengthening SME exporters is a critical national priority. While they represent 78% of all exporters, their current contribution to total revenue is limited. Targeted assistance and regional development programs are being ramped up. • Future Strategy: Achieving the $20 Bn goal requires continued structural reforms, enhanced market access, deeper government-industry collaboration, and attracting high-value buyers via initiatives like a planned international industrial exhibition. (Source: EDB Chairman to Parliamentary Committee on Ways and Means, 26 Nov 2025)
Overseas Workers Boost Cyclone Relief Fund 🇱🇰
• Over 19,000 Sri Lankans working abroad have contributed to the 'Rebuilding Sri Lanka' Fund as of Tuesday (Dec 2). • The fund was established to support national recovery and relief efforts following the extensive damage caused by Cyclone Ditwah. • Treasury Secretary Dr. Harshana Suriyapperuma highlighted that two coordinated mechanisms have been implemented by the Finance Ministry and state agencies to facilitate support (funds or essential goods). • Overseas citizens experiencing difficulties transferring money through formal banking channels may send funds via their nearest Sri Lankan mission abroad. • This assistance is aimed at reaching any affected Sri Lankan, including family members or neighbours.
🇱🇰 Strategy for Post-Cyclone Recovery & Resilience Financing 📈
• Cyclone Ditwah inflicted catastrophic damage, with early reconstruction needs estimated at US$ 4–5 billion, posing a major fiscal challenge amidst ongoing macroeconomic stabilization (IMF EFF progress, easing inflation). • The proposed recovery roadmap prioritizes crucial climate adaptation projects over mitigation efforts. • Key Financing & Credibility Measures: Donor Pledge Conference: Proposed within 30 days, with cross-party inclusion to boost international credibility (citing Pakistan's $9 Bn pledge success). Innovative Financing: Utilise Debt-for-resilience swaps (converting foreign debt to local currency projects) and "Rebuilding Sri Lanka" Diaspora bonds, with returns linked to tea and tourism export revenue. New Revenue Streams: Monetizing carbon credits via large-scale reforestation and a one-off Windfall Tax (2026). • Immediate & Sector Focus: Immediate Relief: Cash-for-clearance programs and 110% CSR tax credits for corporate "zone adoption." Agriculture Recovery: Focus on forward-contract farming auctions, government-backed crop insurance, and micro-level "Adopt-a-paddy" campaigns. • Fiscal & Long-term Resilience: Urge expedited divestment of loss-making SOEs (2026 priority), implement fast-tracked Disaster Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), and mandate corporate reserves for a National Resilience Fund.
📈 Global Growth Forecast Edges Up: IT Investment Cushions US Economy (Fitch)
• Fitch Ratings has slightly raised its world growth forecast for 2025, now expecting global GDP to slow from 2.9% (2024) to 2.5% (2025) and 2.4% (2026). • USA: GDP forecasts were revised up (+0.2pp to 1.8% in 2025) largely due to booming IT capital spending. IT investment accounted for almost 90% of US GDP growth in H1 2025, and AI-related wealth effects are offsetting the drag from the high 13.6% effective tariff rate. • China: 2025 GDP forecast lifted to 4.8%, but expected to slow to 4.1% in 2026. This comes amid falling fixed-asset investment (40% of GDP) and entrenched deflation. • Eurozone: Forecasts revised up to 1.4% (2025) and 1.3% (2026), bolstered by improving credit dynamics and expected German fiscal easing. • Monetary Policy Outlook: The US Federal Reserve is expected to keep rates steady in December 2025, followed by three rate cuts by June 2026. The Bank of England is also expected to cut three times in 2026. • Public Debt Support: Combined government borrowing by the US and China is projected to equal about US$ 4 Tn (4% of global GDP) this year and next, providing large-scale support to aggregate demand.
SL Banks Pledge Strong Support & Debt Relief Post-Cyclone Ditwah 🌪️
The Sri Lanka Banks’ Association (SLBA), representing 29 Licenced Banks, met with CBSL Governor Dr. Nandalal Weerasinghe to pledge its fullest support for economic revival following damage inflicted by Cyclone Ditwah. • Impact Assessment: A detailed impact assessment has been initiated across all banks to identify the precise impact on individuals, small businesses, and large corporates. • Disaster Debt Relief: Banks pledged to offer a suitable "Disaster Debt Relief Package" to ensure impacted individuals and businesses can return to normalcy without delay. • Government Initiatives: Banks confirmed readiness to actively participate in economic relief programs initiated by the Government in partnership with multilateral development agencies. • Gold Loan Relief: Individual member banks will review pending gold loan auctions, exploring the possibility of delaying the process where viable to give affected borrowers more time to repay and redeem. Impacted customers are encouraged to speak directly to their respective bank branch managers for assistance. The SLBA reiterated its historical role in supporting national crises.
🚨 Opposition Split on Ditwah Crisis Response, Budget & IMF
• Opposition Leader Sajith Premadasa demanded the withdrawal of the 2026 Budget, urging the Government to present a fresh plan next week tailored to the crisis affecting over 1.5 million people. • Premadasa also called for an immediate International Donor Conference and renegotiation to suspend or reshape the current IMF program in light of the catastrophe. • In contrast, SJB MP Dr. Harsha de Silva argued sufficient fiscal space already exists for urgent relief, citing: • Around Rs. 50 Bn immediately deployable: Rs. 30 Bn in the Treasury plus Rs. 20 Bn from other sources. • The IMF program and Public Financial Management Act allow flexibility to exceed the 13% primary expenditure limit for exceptional circumstances. • De Silva estimated reconstruction could require Rs. 300–500 Bn in 2026, advising to wait for the World Bank's preliminary loss assessment (expected in two weeks) to calibrate the full expenditure scale.
🚨 WCIC Appeals for Urgent Aid for Women-Led Businesses Post-Cyclone Ditwah Floods
• The Women’s Chamber of Industry and Commerce (WCIC) has called for immediate assistance to help women-led businesses and women entrepreneurs recover from the severe nationwide destruction caused by Cyclone Ditwah. • Crisis Severity: WCIC warns this is the "worst flood Sri Lanka has ever experienced," with the entire country impacted, thousands of homes submerged, and millions facing hardship. • Impact & Hindrance: Widespread flooding has severely disrupted livelihoods across the nation. Ongoing high water levels are also hindering relief efforts and restricting access to affected areas. • Call to Action: WCIC is urgently appealing for support to establish a dedicated fund to assist its members and other affected women entrepreneurs.
PM Vows Policy Continuity & Swift Recovery Post-Cyclone 📈
• Economic Path Unchanged: Govt. remains committed to the six-pillar growth path outlined in Budget 2026 despite the disaster, asserting the "catastrophe cannot push us away." • GDP & Reforms: The 7% GDP growth target for 2026 remains intact but is subject to data adjustments. Key structural reforms (e.g., SOE reforms, digitalization) will not be postponed; some will even "move faster." • 'Rebuild Sri Lanka' Vision: Aims to fundamentally reshape planning and climate resilience, moving away from past 'bad planning' that led to repeated flooding. Immediate focus is stabilising daily life (utilities, schools). • Food Security Measures: Due to heavy disruption of the Maha season harvest (paddy, vegetables), Govt. is considering temporarily easing import regulations to prevent scarcity and stabilise prices. • Sector Appeal: PM urged international visitors not to cancel, stressing Tourism is central to recovery as South/East coasts remain largely unaffected. Relief measures being evaluated for affected SMEs (moratoria/debt rescheduling). • Private Sector: Called on businesses to remain committed to the long-term economic direction and support the newly launched 'Rebuild Sri Lanka Fund'.
🇱🇰 SL Economy on Track: Treasury Activates Rs. 30 Bn for Ditwah Relief
Treasury Secretary confirms Cyclone Ditwah will test but not derail the 2026 economic trajectory and reform agenda, stressing fiscal discipline is intact. No major deviation from initial projections is expected. • Business Support: Govt. is in active dialogue with banking and insurance sectors to support households and SMEs affected by the crisis, aiming to minimise business disruption and income losses. • Immediate Fiscal Response: Rs. 30 Billion from pre-provisioned emergency Budget lines is set aside for immediate challenges. An initial Rs. 7.5 Billion has been authorised for housing support/rebuilding. • Swift Implementation: Spending powers have been delegated: District Secretaries can use up to Rs. 50 Mn and Ministerial Secretaries up to Rs. 150 Mn to speed up immediate relief. • Recovery Mechanisms: A rapid damage assessment is underway with World Bank support (initial understanding expected in 2 weeks). A new "Rebuilding Sri Lanka Fund," involving the private sector, has been approved for medium-term reconstruction. • Relief Logistics: Customs has introduced a fast-track system for relief goods (DMC-marked consignments) with zero taxes and fees. Public donations received so far exceed Rs. 300 Million.
📈 WB: SL Must Accelerate Second-Gen Reforms for Durable Growth
World Bank Country Manager Gevorg Sargsyan stressed that while post-crisis stability has been broadly achieved, the current growth rate is too weak to ease fiscal pressure or reduce poverty, necessitating a shift to fast, investment-led growth. • Growth & Debt: The President's 7% GDP growth target (2026 Budget) is "absolutely achievable," but only with a decisive push on second-generation reforms. Public debt remains above 100% of GDP, with debt service absorbing nearly half of Government revenue. • Openness Deterioration: Trade and Investment as a share of GDP fell sharply from ~40% in 2000 to just ~20% in 2024. Reforms must focus on dismantling trade barriers, including tariff reduction and phasing out para-tariffs. • Productivity Crisis: Productivity has turned negative. This is critical in sectors like agriculture (e.g., coconut productivity is 20x higher in peer countries) and logistics (port ranking slipped from 6th/7th to 20th). • Private Capital & SOEs: A surge in private investment is essential due to limited fiscal space. Requires commercially-oriented reforms in SOEs (energy, transport, logistics), improved governance, and a modernized framework for land and labour. • Outlook: The World Bank reaffirms its commitment, stating the next chapter must focus on unlocking integrated, sustainable, and inclusive growth to ensure the benefits of recovery reach all Sri Lankans.
🚨 Ditwah Cyclone Cost Estimated at 1-3% of GDP; Call for National Infrastructure Bond
• First Capital CEO Dilshan Wirasekara estimates the initial economic cost of Cyclone Ditwah at US$ 200 Mn to US$ 2.9 Bn, warning the final tally is likely to reach a substantial 1–3% of GDP. • The main impacts needing attention are infrastructure damage, agricultural output losses/supply-side disruptions, and the human toll. • A major, out-of-the-box solution is urged: the immediate issuance of a large-scale, Government-backed National Infrastructure Bond to finance reconstruction. • Funding needs are estimated to start at a minimum of US$ 30-40 Mn, potentially up to US$ 500 Mn, to meet the scale of the damage. • The Bond should utilize the Cabinet-approved ‘Rebuild Sri Lanka Fund’ platform and target both domestic and international investors. • Investment banks are urged to collaborate on the effort at zero fees, prioritizing national interest over commercial returns.
📈 TMC Announces Northern Investment Summit (NIS) for Jan 2026!
The Management Club (TMC) is launching the landmark Northern Investment Summit (NIS) in January 2026 to unlock the full potential of the Northern Province and position it as a promising investment frontier. • Core Goal: Generate widespread awareness and attract both local and foreign investors, establishing a unified platform for dialogue between Government Authorities, Investors, and local stakeholders. • Key Focus Sectors: The Summit will spotlight critical development areas including Agriculture and Fisheries, Education, IT and Technology, Tourism, Retail, and Energy. The initiative also emphasizes SME empowerment and aligning manpower capacity through skill development. • National Endorsement: NIS is strategically aligned with the Government's national development vision. It has drawn strong multi-agency support from key bodies: - Board of Investment (BOI) - Export Development Board (EDB) - National Enterprise Development Authority (NEDA) - Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority (SLTDA) • Groundwork Laid: A dedicated TMC delegation visited the Northern Province (Nov 16-19, 2025) engaging with Business Chambers and the Government Agents of Jaffna, Mullaitheevu, Kilinochchi, Mannar, and Vavuniya. This visit established collaborative frameworks and identified development bottlenecks, receiving overwhelmingly positive reception.
📈 CCPI Inflation Steady in November 2025
• Headline Inflation (Y-o-Y): Remained steady at 2.1% in November 2025, unchanged from October’s figure, continuing the upward trend seen since August (1.2%). • Core Inflation (Y-o-Y): Edged up to 2.4% in November, up from 2.2% in October, reflecting underlying inflation trends. • Food Inflation: Decelerated to 3.0% in November, down from 3.5% in the previous month. • Non-Food Inflation: Saw an increase, rising to 1.7% in November, up from 1.4% in October. • Month-on-Month (M-o-M): The CCPI recorded a slight overall decrease of 0.23% in November. • Outlook: CBSL projects a gradual acceleration of inflation towards its annual target of 5.0% in the period ahead.
🇱🇰 New Fund Launched for Post-Disaster Infrastructure Rebuilding 📈
• Government Initiative: President Anura Kumara Dissanayake announced the establishment of a dedicated, medium and long-term Post-Disaster Rebuilding Fund to mobilize resources for national recovery. • Objective: Reconstruct essential infrastructure (e.g., highways, irrigation systems) severely damaged by recent floods and landslides, as the financial burden is too large for the Treasury alone. • Management & Oversight: A Joint Management Committee, comprising both public and private sector representatives, will be appointed with Cabinet approval to oversee the fund's management. • Funding Channels: Resources will be sourced via local contributions, Sri Lankan expatriates, foreign governments, international organizations, and business associations. • Key Damage Areas: Devastation is noted across houses, farmlands, plantations, roads, bridges, schools, and electricity infrastructure, requiring major rehabilitation of road networks. • Damage Assessment: The government has commissioned the World Bank to conduct a Global Rapid Post-Disaster Damage Estimation (GRADE) to detail sectoral damage and financial needs. The assessment is expected within approximately two weeks.
📈 SL Economy: Six Quarters of Growth Amidst VAT & Poverty Concerns
• Macro Recovery: The economy has seen six consecutive quarters of growth, averaging five percent, reflecting one of the most outstanding global recoveries since 2022. Macroeconomic policy continues to be shaped by the IMF's $3 Bn Extended Fund Facility (EFF). • Market & Credit: Colombo Stock Exchange-listed companies report quarter-on-quarter increases in turnover and profitability. Credit growth exceeded one trillion rupees (Rs. 1 Tn) in the first three quarters, driven largely by ongoing vehicle imports. • Govt. Positives: Official reports highlight a strong year for industrial/entrepreneurship, citing a 9.7% sectoral growth and the creation of 15,000 new entrepreneurs, alongside substantial debt relief for SMEs and 15 key structural reforms. • MSME Challenge: Future concerns loom for MSMEs (micro, small and medium-sized enterprises). A proposed VAT threshold reduction from Rs. 60 million to Rs. 36 million, effective April 2026, is expected to increase the administrative burden on the smallest businesses and compel them to raise prices. • Social Context: Despite the recovery, over a quarter of the citizenry are still finding it difficult to make ends meet and continue to live below the poverty line.
📈 CBSL Predicts Reserves to Hit Post-Crisis High in December!
• Sri Lanka’s Gross Official Reserves (GOR) are expected to climb to the highest level since the height of the economic crisis by end-December, comfortably meeting the IMF reserve target. • The surge is underpinned by anticipated fresh inflows of over US$ 700 Mn: • IMF Extended Fund Facility (5th tranche): US$ 340 Mn • ADB Budgetary Support: US$ 370 Mn • The final month of the year also traditionally brings stronger foreign exchange via exports, workers’ remittances, and tourism receipts. • Note: November reserves will appear lower than October due to timing effects, but a sharp rebound is expected in December. • Economic Outlook & Policy: • Current Account: Expected surplus of ~1% of GDP (US$ 1 Bn) for 2025. • GDP Growth: Projected at 4.5% this year (following 5% last year), driven by a recovery in imports reflecting improved economic activity. • Exchange Rate: Remains market-determined; CBSL intervenes only to offset excessive volatility (recent fluctuations included a gradual ~5% depreciation). • Inflation: Expected to rise more gradually than previously forecasted, with the CBSL's 5% target anticipated by the second half of 2026.
🚗 Vehicle Import Demand Stabilises as Pent-Up Rush Ends
• Central Bank (CBSL) Governor confirms the initial surge in vehicle imports—following the lifting of the five-year suspension on 1 February 2025—has tapered off, with pent-up demand largely exhausted by November. • Letters of Credit (LCs) for vehicles, which spiked sharply in July, have since declined, indicating a market normalisation and easing pressures on foreign exchange outflows. • Key Figures (9M 2025): • Total vehicle imports (personal and commercial units) for the first nine months of 2025 reached US$ 1.2 Bn. • Imports in September 2025 alone totalled US$ 286 Mn. • The move towards market equilibrium is expected to help restore balance in the external sector, contributing to broader economic stability. Import prices for vehicles are also reported to be falling.
🚨 Sri Lanka Must Earn US$ 50 Bn Forex Annually: Analyst Criticizes Budget 2026 for Lack of Laser-Sharp Strategy 📈
• Forex & Growth: The key challenge for Sri Lanka to achieve 6%+ GDP growth is hitting US$ 50 Bn in annual foreign exchange earnings, a target lacking a clear strategy in Budget 2026. • Reserves Reality: While gross reserves stand at US$ 6.2 Bn, Net Foreign Reserves (NFR) are negative as per IMF stipulations (after removing currency swaps). • Fiscal & Implementation: Revenue/GDP reached 15.9%, beating the IMF target of 15.3%. However, capital expenditure utilization for 2025 is critically low, estimated at only 40-45% (approx. Rs. 600 Bn utilized out of a Rs. 1.4 Tn budget). • Proposed 3-Point Forex Drive: 1. Exports: Must increase revenue from US$ 19 Bn to US$ 30 Bn. Key initiative: Signing the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) with India, benefiting sectors like apparel & textiles. 2. Tourism: Current 2025 earnings are US$ 2.6 Bn, which is -33% compared to 2018 ($3.5 Bn). Focus must shift to attracting a higher-value traveler ($200 per traveler). 3. Remittances: Target to reach US$ 10 Bn via quality, white-collar service exports. • Consumer Distress: Only 37% of Sri Lankan families cover monthly expenses with their income. Unredeemed jewelry (pawning) jumped from Rs. 210 Bn (2019) to Rs. 571 Bn (2024), highlighting severe household financial fragility. • Governance Highlight: The strong anti-narcotics drive in 2025 (e.g., 1,736 Kg Heroin, 3,784 Kg Ice seized; 21,985 arrests to date) is commended as a significant governance win.
Budget 2026 Boosts SMEs: Key Concessions & Reforms 🚀
• The 2026 National Budget, presented by President Dissanayake, focuses on sustained GDP growth above 7% post-IMF reforms, recognizing SMEs (contributing over 52% of GDP) as the economy's backbone. • Tax Incentives: The qualifying investment threshold for enhanced capital allowances (100% to 200%) has been significantly reduced from US$ 3 million to $250,000, making tax benefits accessible to a wider range of SMEs. • Financing & Allocation: The Budget prioritizes concessional loan schemes, allocating substantial funds: • Rs. 7,700 million for the SME Development Loan Scheme. • Rs. 6,200 million for Agricultural Value Chain Development. • Rs. 1,700 million for the New Comprehensive Rural Credit Scheme (NCRCS), offering agricultural loans up to Rs. 3 million at 5% interest. • Institutional Reforms & Digitalization: • SME support agencies (IDB, NEDA, SMED) will be consolidated under the Industrial Development Board for streamlined efficiency. • Measures include establishing Startup Ecosystems, IT zones, and a Trade National Single Window (TNSW) to simplify export documentation and improve market access. • Challenges Noted: Concerns remain that lowering the VAT and SSCL thresholds to Rs. 36 million will bring more SMEs into the tax net, increasing compliance costs, alongside the need for swift and transparent implementation of loan schemes.
President to Headline Economic & Investment Summit Opening Day! 🇱🇰📈
• President Anura Kumara Dissanayake will attend the Sri Lanka Economic and Investment Summit 2025 (SLEIS 2025) on December 2nd. • He will engage in an on-stage conversation (Fireside Chat) with the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce Vice Chairperson, Mr. Bingumal Thewarathanthri. • The dialogue aims to provide businesses and investors with clarity on the government’s views on economic rebuilding, policy choices, and the strategy to restore national confidence. • The Summit's theme is ‘Gateway to Growth – Asia’s Emerging Opportunity’. • Organised by The Ceylon Chamber of Commerce, the event will take place on December 2-3 at the Shangri-La Hotel, Colombo. • Attendance reflects high interest, with over 850 participants and more than 100 international delegates registered (registrations are now closed). This turnout signals growing interest in Sri Lanka’s future investment direction.
⚓️ Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA) Transfers Rs. 5 Bn to Treasury
• The Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA) is set to contribute Rs. 5 Billion (Bn) from its profits to the Consolidated Fund. • This decision follows strong financial performance, with the SLPA recording a post-tax net profit of Rs. 39 Bn as of October 31, 2025. • The reported profit figure represents a significant increase of approximately Rs. 12 Bn compared to the previous year's performance. • The Rs. 5 Bn contribution is scheduled in two tranches: Rs. 2 Bn was provided in September 2025, and the remaining Rs. 3 Bn is scheduled for December 2025. (Source: Ministry of Ports and Civil Aviation)
🚨 CBSL Holds Policy Rate: Focus on 5% Inflation Target by H2-2026
• The Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) maintained the Overnight Policy Rate (OPR) unchanged at 7.75% following its latest Monetary Policy Board meeting. • Objective: The Board believes the current monetary policy stance supports steering headline inflation towards the 5% target. • Inflation Dynamics: Headline inflation (CCPI) accelerated for the third consecutive month in October. It is now expected to reach the 5% target by H2-2026, a more gradual timeline than previously projected. Core inflation is also expected to accelerate modestly as demand strengthens. • Economic Activity: Leading indicators suggest a continuation of the growth momentum. • Private Sector Credit: Credit has recorded a notable and broad-based expansion thus far in 2025, supported by the low-interest-rate environment. • Policy Stance: CBSL will continue monitoring and remains prepared to implement appropriate measures to ensure inflation stabilizes around the target while supporting the economy's potential.
📈 SL Exports Soar to Record US$ 14.43 Bn in Jan-Oct 2025!
• Overall Performance (Jan-Oct 2025): Total exports hit a historic high of US$ 14.43 Bn, recording a strong 6.0% YoY growth over 2024. This marks the first time exports have exceeded US$ 14 Bn in the first ten months, realizing 80% of the annual US$ 18 Bn target. • Merchandise exports grew by +6.53% (US$ 11.37 Bn), while Services exports increased by +4.01% (US$ 3.06 Bn). • Key Sector Growth Highlights (Cumulative): • Record Breaker: Coconut products surpassed US$ 1 Bn for the first time, skyrocketing by a phenomenal +43.83% YoY. • Leading Industries: Apparel & Textiles exports were up +5.56% (US$ 4.44 Bn), and Tea exports increased by +8.72% (US$ 1.29 Bn). • Knowledge Economy: ICT/BPM exports were a key driver in Services, growing by +9.25% (US$ 1.33 Bn). • Top Markets & Regional Insights: • Cumulative exports saw significant growth to India (+19.31%) and the EU region (+12.56%). Exports to the USA, the largest single market, grew by +2.68%. • October 2025 Snapshot: Total exports were US$ 1.47 Bn (+0.16% YoY, +2.2% MoM). Key monthly drivers included Coconut based products soaring by +60.46% YoY and ICT/BPM up by +26.71% YoY.
PDMO Strategy Flags Domestic Debt as Key Refinancing Risk ⚠️
• Sri Lanka's total Government debt stood at Rs. 30.8 Tn (June 2025). Domestic debt accounts for 64%, with External debt at 36%. • The Debt-to-GDP ratio fell to 99.1% in 2024 (down from 114.2% in 2022) post-restructuring and fiscal consolidation. • Immediate Risk: Refinancing pressure is heavily concentrated in the domestic portfolio due to short-term maturities, presenting high rollover risk. • Key maturities: T-Bills (12% of total debt) face a Rs. 3.6 Tn redemption pressure in 2026. T-Bonds (48% of total debt) peak at Rs. 2.15 Tn in 2028. • External Debt Outlook: Near-term risk is lower due to restructuring, providing capital grace periods until 2028. Final repayments on restructured debt extend to 2043. • MTDMS 2026-2030 Goals: Shift toward deeper domestic financing, aiming for 90% of borrowing from domestic sources by 2030. • The strategy includes lengthening domestic maturities (5-15 years benchmarks) and exploring new external financing like Samurai, Panda, and Sukuk bonds, alongside efforts to build reserves and manage FX risk. • Scheduled External Debt Service for 2025 totals US$ 2.45 Bn (US$ 1.4 Bn Principal + US$ 1 Bn Interest). Obligations rise, reaching ~$3.1 Bn in 2028.
IRD: Taxpayer Base Rises, Revenue Momentum Strong 📈
• Tax compliance efforts boost individual taxpayers to 1.2 million, with 200,000 new registrations so far in 2025. • Increased formalisation sees 18,000 new company registrations and 30,000 excise duty registrations this year. • Revenue collection maintains a strong upward trend, supported by expanded taxpayer coverage: • VAT revenue increased by 21% compared to last year (YoY). • Income Tax collections are up by 14% (YoY). • The IRD collected over Rs. 2 Trillion as of 17 November, the highest annual revenue in history, exceeding the full-year 2024 figure (Rs. 2.62 Tn) by over Rs. 60 Bn. • Officials expressed confidence in achieving the 2025 annual target, strengthening the State’s fiscal position. • The personal tax threshold has been increased from Rs. 1.2 Mn to Rs. 1.8 Mn for the 2025 assessment year.
CBSL Policy Rates Expected to Hold Firm: FCR Outlook 📈
First Capital Research (FCR) assigns a 60% probability for the Central Bank to maintain policy rates in the upcoming review, versus a 40% chance of a rate cut (mostly a 25 bps reduction). • The main argument against easing is strong private-sector credit growth, which rose 23.6% YoY in September, alongside a Rs. 236.3 Bn jump that month alone. • External pressures also limit policy space: Official reserves slipped to US$ 6.21 Bn in October (~3 months import cover), and the rupee depreciated 5.4% YTD. • Sri Lanka recorded a Current Account deficit in September, reversing eight months of surpluses, adding to stability concerns. • Case for a cut rests on moderating economic momentum (GDP expected to slow despite 4.8% H1 2025 growth) and low headline inflation (2.1% in October). • High borrowing costs for SMEs (Average Weighted SME Rate 10.5%) are also noted. However, CBSL is expected to prioritize macro-financial stability. • FCR sees an 80% chance that the Statutory Reserve Ratio (SRR) will remain unchanged.
📈 SL Economy & Banking Vision 2030: Digitalization & Export Competitiveness
• The Sri Lankan economy is moving from stabilisation into a "brittle but very real recovery," nearing a second full year of positive GDP growth, with foreign reserves on track to reach US$ 6.5 - 7 billion. • Worker remittances have been a key driver, showing a powerful 20% Year-on-Year increase, nearing US$ 6.5 billion by October 2025. • Vision 2030 Digital Goals: The national target is to grow the digital economy to 12% of GDP. • This requires expanding ICT export revenues from the current US$ 1.2 Bn to US$ 5 Bn by 2030. • The tech talent pool must grow from 85,000 to 200,000 professionals. • Cost of Cash: Sri Lanka remains heavily cash-dependent, with an estimated 1.5% of GDP spent annually just to print, move, and secure notes and coins (almost equal to combined education spend). • Role of DPI: Investments in Digital Public Infrastructure like the Sri Lanka Unique Digital Identity (SL-UDI) and Secure Transaction Registries (STR) are vital to reduce fraud, free up capital, and give banks greater confidence to lend to SMEs and agripreneurs. • Banks must align with national goals, focusing on a value-centric approach to capture remittance flows via formal channels and channeling capital towards productivity, exports, and sustainability financing (renewables, local manufacturing).
SL Foreign Reserves: $6.2 Bn Safety Claim Challenged ⚠️
A sharp divergence has emerged between the President's assurance of economic safety and data reviewed by the Committee on Public Finance (CoPF). • President cited US$ 6.2 Bn in foreign reserves in the 2026 Budget as evidence of Sri Lanka's ability to meet external debt obligations. • CoPF Chairman Dr. Harsha de Silva questioned the figure, noting that when excluding non-usable components (per an IMF formula), reserves may be in negative territory. • The US$ 6.2 Bn total is reported to include components not fully available for debt repayment: • Short-term dollar borrowings ("hot money") from local banks. • Non-usable currency swaps from India and China. • CBSL Governor Dr. Nandalal Weerasinghe stated that IMF reserve "targets" are merely "estimates" and are now considered too high, citing increased market confidence in the economy. • Concerns were raised over the risk of another debt restructuring, a possibility warned against by the Opposition Leader, Sajith Premadasa, which historically resulted in severe costs to citizens (e.g., EPF/ETF). • The use of unused trillions in government coffers was questioned, with some suggesting the funds are being held back from development to improve foreign borrowing rates. • The debate highlights renewed concerns over Parliamentary financial oversight, which was bypassed prior to the 2022 default.
🇱🇰 SL Issues First Post-Default Domestic Dollar Bond (DDB) 📈
• Sri Lanka will issue a US$ 50 Mn Domestic Dollar Bond (DDB) on 3 December, marking the country’s first foreign-currency instrument since the 2022 default. • The issue is the first to be handled by the newly operational Public Debt Management Office (PDMO), which now centralises all public debt functions. • The auction offers one-year, two-year, and three-year maturities, with rates determined through competitive bidding. • Subscriptions are limited to locally incorporated licenced commercial banks, starting 1 December. • The DDB is designed to mobilise dollars already within the domestic banking system, as the country is locked out of international capital markets. • The PDMO is central to IMF program compliance and efforts to restore market access. • Context: Previous SLDBs were suspended after holders exchanged US$ 791.4 Mn for Rupee Bonds under the 2023 Domestic Debt Optimisation (DDO).
SL Govt. Confident in Managing Post-2028 Debt Rise 📈
Deputy Minister Chathuranga Abeysinghe addressed investor concerns, dismissing fears of a renewed repayment crisis post-2028. • Debt Impact: Sri Lanka’s external debt service is projected to rise by an additional US$ 785 Mn starting from 2028. This coincides with the start of capital repayments on bilateral debt and Macro-Linked Bond (MLB) maturities. • Total Context: Independent research noted the 2028 additional payments are about US$ 1 Bn, on top of the US$ 2 Bn debt servicing requirements (interest + multilateral) in 2026/2027. • Strategy: Govt. is focused on accelerating reserve accumulation, attracting higher Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and maintaining fiscal discipline. • Reserve Buildup Sources: Crucial focus on Tourism, Remittances, and significantly higher FDI. • FDI Target: The Government aims to double annual FDI inflows from US$ 1 Bn to US$ 2 Bn within two to three years. • Fiscal Discipline: Commitment to maintaining IMF-imposed fiscal discipline and structure will continue beyond the program's conclusion.
Sri Lanka's 2026 Budget Strategy: Tax Base Expansion & Rs. 1 T Cash Buffer 🇱🇰📈
• Deputy Minister Abeysinghe confirms Budget 2026 avoided aggressive tax hikes, citing the existing heavy burden on households and businesses. • Fiscal & Tax Policy: Revenue exceeds IMF targets, but the key challenge is the narrow taxpayer base (1m-1.3m non-filers). The strategy is to widen the base, aiming to eventually lower consumption taxes (like VAT) through improved efficiency. • Treasury Buffer: The Treasury cash buffer exceeds Rs. 1 t for the first time, which is being used to help manage/hold interest rates at 8%. • SOE Turnaround: Losses have narrowed significantly. CEB made a profit of Rs. 144 Bn last year, with the goal now to maintain a break-even position. • Investment Reform: A new Strategic Investment Act will introduce rules-based incentives, removing political discretion. Approvals will be streamlined via Single Windows to cut the current setup time of nearly two years. • Infrastructure & Energy: Infrastructure spending is set to accelerate. Renewables are central to plans to cut electricity costs by one third within five years.
📈 SL Trade & Digital Reform Warning: Inequality Risk
UNDP Country Economist Dr. Vagisha Gunasekara warns that Sri Lanka's current approach to Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) and rapid trade liberalisation risks reinforcing inequality unless foundational gaps are addressed upfront. • Digital Divide: Only 37% of adults are online, and 39% of households lack internet access. The divide is acute for women (1/3 less likely to use internet) and persons with disabilities (7% use vs 24% general pop). • DPI Risk: Unless DPI is specifically designed for low-bandwidth, mobile-first, rural users, gains from AI and high-productivity jobs—e.g., in ICT/BPM, apparel, logistics, tourism—will concentrate among a small, urban, digitally ready minority. The Government aims to grow the digital economy to US$ 15 Bn. • Trade Reform Sequencing: Rapid para-tariff cuts risk destabilizing industries and exerting pressure on the rupee. The gains from trade are nullified if workers cannot move into growing sectors due to mobility frictions (e.g., lack of affordable housing, poor transport) and skills gaps. • Recommended Prioritisation: Reforms must be sequenced: 1. Fix non-tariff trade costs (logistics, customs automation, digital trade systems for SMEs). 2. Invest in skills, reskilling, and labour mobility enablers. 3. Then implement gradual, predictable tariff reforms, starting with intermediate inputs. The economist stressed that failing to front-load DPI and labour market investments will deepen economic divides. The 2026 Budget Speech announced a gradual phase-out of para-tariffs to boost competitiveness.
CoPF Reviews Q3 Revenue & Medium-Term Debt Strategy 📈
• The Committee on Public Finance (CoPF) reviewed the financial performance of key revenue agencies (IRD, Excise Dept., Customs) for the period up to September 2025. • Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows reached US$ 827 Mn from January to September 2025, according to the BOI update. • CoPF urged the BOI and related agencies to intensify efforts to ensure consistent and sustainable FDI growth in the coming years. • The Public Debt Management Office (PDMO) presented the Government’s Medium-Term Debt Management Strategy for 2026–2030, which includes the annual borrowing plan for 2026 and debt sustainability measures. • The Committee also granted approval for eight reports submitted under the Public Finance Management Act, No. 44 of 2024.
2026 Budget Focuses on Growth, Debt Sustainability 📈
• Budget Objectives: Treasury Secretary Dr. Harshana Suriyapperuma highlighted that the 2026 National Budget focuses on driving growth, advancing development, and achieving debt sustainability. Key strategies include expert diversification, inclusive growth, strengthening the production economy, and promoting digitisation. • Fiscal & Debt Status: Fiscal indicators are "very positive" (Dr. De Mel), showing controlled expenditure and revenue exceeding targets in 2024 and 2025 (VAT contributed a 2.8% increase). Repayments are currently on schedule, and confidence was expressed in meeting 2028 commitments, provided fiscal discipline and higher revenue are maintained. • Real Economy Concerns: Dr. Nishan De Mel warned that real indicators are "troubling": employment is at a 20-year low, real incomes remain below 2018 levels, and poverty has doubled since 2019. Monetary shortcomings (e.g., 6 consecutive quarters of missed inflation targets) are eroding fiscal gains. • Key Strategies: • Tax Net: Measures like a reduced tax threshold, e-invoicing, and a modern tax audit scheme are being introduced to broaden the tax base. • FDI & Exports: Government seeks to increase foreign direct investment (FDI) via stability and efficiency, including a single window for trade facilitation. Boosting exports through new markets and product diversification is deemed crucial. • Development Focus: Stressed need for zero corruption, comprehensive digitisation, and focused development of the education, transport and SME sectors. • Caution: Experts advised against taking on additional foreign debt for unproductive purposes and proposed establishing a 'bad bank' to absorb non-performing assets.
📉 Education Budget 2026: 2% of GDP Reality vs. 6% Goal
• The 2026 Budget allocates Rs. 704 Bn for education, representing 2.0% of the projected GDP, which is the second-highest allocation. • This is nowhere near the widely cited goal of 6% of GDP for education. • Financial Constraint: The allocation is likely to remain at ~2.0% of GDP until at least 2028. This is due to the Public Financial Management Act mandate requiring Sri Lanka's Primary Expenditure to stay under 13.0% of GDP to maintain solvency and meet debt obligations. • The current financial environment makes increasing the allocation to 6% or even 3% impossible in the near term, as it would take funds from other vital sectors. • Underlying Issue: The underfunding is linked to Sri Lanka's historically low Government tax revenue, which averaged only 12.3% of GDP between 2013-2022, placing the country among the ten lowest globally. • Focus Shift: The analysis suggests the way forward is through "smarter spending" and "low-input-high-impact policy options," focusing on governance, restructuring central authorities, and simplifying curricula, rather than solely on increasing budget inputs. • Critical issues, such as the lack of science stream facilities in two-thirds of senior secondary schools, remain unaddressed by the current allocation.
⬆️ National Inflation (NCPI) Climbs to 2.7% in October
• The overall inflation rate, measured by the National Consumer Price Index (NCPI), increased to 2.7% in October 2025, up from 2.1% in September 2025. • Food Inflation rose to 4.1% in October, compared to 3.8% the previous month. • The Year-on-Year inflation for the Non-Food Group saw a significant jump, rising to 1.5% in October from 0.7% in September. • Data is based on the latest release from the Department of Census and Statistics.
🇱🇰 Productivity Boost: SL Receives Master Plan & APO Accreditation 📜
• The Asian Productivity Organisation (APO) officially presented Sri Lanka’s Productivity Master Plan and an Accreditation Certificate. • The formal handover event took place in Colombo yesterday (November 20th). • This is a key development supporting national efforts to enhance and strategize productivity standards across the economy.
Crucial Breakthrough on SriLankan Airlines Debt Restructuring ✈️
• The Government has reached an agreement-in-principle with Bondholders of SriLankan Airlines, a crucial breakthrough in the remaining commercial debt restructuring that was previously doubted by some. • The deal is currently pending non-objection from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Official Creditor Committee. • S&P Global Ratings had previously raised Sri Lanka's sovereign credit ratings to ‘CCC+/C’, citing progress on restructuring and a strong economic recovery, rapid fiscal consolidation, and reform under the IMF program. • While the overall restructuring is supported, S&P noted offsetting factors remain: a high debt burden (as high-yielding domestic debt was excluded) and a very heavy interest bill, equivalent to about half of general Government revenue.
Sri Lanka's High Interest Rate Trap: Growth Risk Amid Disinflation 📉
• Economy is in its worst crisis since 1948, with real per capita GDP not expected to return to 2018 levels until 2026. • Social impact is severe: The Poverty rate reached 24.5% in 2024 (up from 11.3% in 2019), alongside high youth unemployment and malnutrition. • Monetary Paradox: The Central Bank benchmark interest rate remains high at 7.75% despite sustained disinflationary pressures. • Headline inflation has fallen below the 5% target for three consecutive quarters (as of August 2025) and moved from negative territory (Q1/Q2 2025) to slightly above zero (Q3 2025). • High rates are deemed fiscal self-harm and a threat to debt sustainability (debt-to-GDP near 100%), as they suppress economic activity while increasing debt-service costs. • External Sector: Accounts are stable, with a current-account surplus projected for 2025, and gross official reserves exceeding US$ 6 Bn (H1 2025). This stability suggests no financing crisis justifies the high rates. • The economy grew by 4.9% in Q2 2025, indicating that recovery is possible. High interest rates are criticized for delaying this recovery and straining public finances. • Analysts argue the 7.75% rate is indefensible given below-target inflation, stable external accounts, and the need for growth to escape the debt trap.
🇱🇰 Strategic Pivot: High-Value Services to Propel Exports 📈
• Senior Presidential Advisor advocates for a strategic pivot towards high-value service exports due to deep-rooted structural constraints limiting the scaling up of manufacturing. • This strategy is feeding into the National Export Development Plan (NEDP) 2025-2029 formulation. • Ambitious 2030 Export Target: The Government is aiming for US$ 45 Bn in total exports. • Merchandise Exports: US$ 25 Bn • Service Exports: US$ 11.5 Bn • Tourism Earnings: US$ 8.5 Bn • Manufacturing Hurdles: The sector is constrained by costly/unreliable power, an aging population, labour force limitations, and a lack of sufficient STEM graduates, keeping it largely in low-skill areas like apparel & textiles. • Service Potential: Huge opportunity to leverage Sri Lanka's geographical location: • Logistics: Reinforcing the nation as a key maritime/transhipment hub (Colombo Port ranks consistently in the top 50 global ports). • Tourism: Positioning the country as an up-market destination to substantially enhance service income. • The shift necessitates open and liberal economic policies, which contrasts with the current ruling party's prior focus on a 'production economy' (manufacturing and agriculture).
Fitch’s 'Neutral' Global Sovereigns Outlook for 2026 📈
• Fitch Ratings projects a ‘Neutral’ 2026 sector outlook for global sovereigns, driven by expectations of broadly flat world GDP growth, reduced uncertainty over US tariffs, and lower policy rates. • Material Risks: Key risks stem from structural shifts in trade, technology, and geopolitics, alongside increasingly stretched public finances in several major economies. • Aggregate government debt is expected to continue rising rapidly, fueled by sizeable budget deficits in the US and China, making fiscal consolidation "painful" for many countries. • GDP Downside: Risks to growth include a renewed trade war, a deepening downturn in China, and financial market shocks. • Political Landscape: Political risks remain prominent, exacerbated by the US-China power rivalry, military conflicts, elections, and domestic strains like inequality and youth employment. • Ratings Stability: Rating Outlooks are broadly stable (10 Positive, 9 Negative). Notably, net upgrades of eight so far in 2025 saw seven of these upgrades applied to emerging markets.
📈 IRD Sets All-Time Tax Revenue Record in 2025!
• Sri Lanka's Inland Revenue Department (IRD) recorded the highest tax revenue collection in its history as of November 17, 2025. • Total Collection stands at Rs. 2,002,241 Million (over Rs. 2.002 Trillion), achieved within the first eleven months of 2025. • This represents an increase of Rs. 60,079 Million compared to the entire 2024 collection (Rs. 1,942,162 Million). • The revenue growth is approximately 3.09% YoY (compared to 2024 total), substantially contributing to the Government's financial strength. • IRD expressed gratitude to taxpayers and cooperating officials for achieving this significant milestone.
📈 2026 Budget Aligns with IMF Program, CoPF Confirms
• The Committee on Public Finance (CoPF) reviewed the draft report on the 2026 Appropriation Bill, confirming its alignment with: • Key requirements of the Public Financial Management (PFM) Act & Public Debt Management (PDM) Act. • Commitments under the IMF Extended Fund Facility (EFF) program. • Fiscal Performance & Outlook: • 2025 Revenue: Stronger than expected, exceeding projections by Rs. 100 billion, largely due to higher vehicle import taxes, providing greater fiscal space. • 2026 Outlook: CoPF cautions on a likely slowdown in revenue growth due to the anticipated decline in vehicle import tax collections. • National & International Significance: • Alignment is critical as the IMF examines the budget ahead of the fifth EFF review; the next US$ 347 Mn tranche release depends on it. • Fitch Ratings noted the Government’s commitment to fiscal reforms demonstrated by the Budget. • Transparency: CoPF discussed the Bill with civil society, covering feedback on transparency, equity in fund distribution, and accountable public spending, which will be forwarded to the Finance Ministry.
🇱🇰 Budget 2026 Second Reading Passes with 118-Vote Majority.
• The second reading of the Appropriation Bill for the financial year 2026 was passed in Parliament with a clear majority. The final vote count was 160 MPs for, 42 against, and eight abstentions. • Opposition Dynamics: Notably, four Opposition MPs, including TPA leader Mano Ganesan, voted in favour. This support was based on the President's commitment to uniformly implement the Rs. 1,750 daily wage for plantation workers across all estates. • ITAK Stance: The Illankai Tamil Arasu Kadchi (ITAK) chose to abstain (part of the 8 total abstentions). This was cited as a gesture of goodwill, trusting the President to engage on upcoming discussions concerning Tamil community issues (political, land, accountability, and a new constitution). • Next Stage: The Committee Stage debate is scheduled for 17 days, commencing 15 November and concluding on 5 December, with the Third Reading vote set for 5 December at 6:00 p.m.
Budget 2026: Balancing Reform & Recovery 📈
President/Finance Minister Anura Kumara Dissanayake presented the 2026 Budget, shifting focus from crisis management towards cautious reconstruction and institutionalising fiscal prudence. • Key Fiscal Targets: • Total Revenue & Grants projected at Rs. 5,300 Bn. • Tax Revenue targeted at 14.2% of GDP (Rs. 4,910 Bn). • Budget Deficit set at 5.1% of GDP (Rs. 1,757 Bn). • A Primary Surplus of 2.5% of GDP is targeted, aligning with IMF commitments. • Capital Investment is raised to 4% of GDP. • Tax Policy & Compliance: • Major base broadening: The VAT and SSCL thresholds are reduced from Rs. 60 Mn to Rs. 36 Mn per annum (eff. 1 April 2026) to formalise SMEs. • Digital compliance is prioritised via mandated e-invoicing and the revamped RAMIS 2.0 system. The VAT rate is retained at 18%. • Growth & Investment Focus: • Concessional Corporate Tax (15%) is maintained for sectors like IT, Renewable Energy, and Export Services. • Incentives (tax holidays/accelerated depreciation) are offered for investments in green energy, data centres, and technology parks. • Rs. 5 Bn allocated for plantation sector wage reform and productivity enhancement. • Social Protection: • Targeted welfare includes salary increases for teachers, principals, and plantation workers. • Rs. 20.75 Bn allocated for the “Praja Shakthi” program to decentralise local development. The Budget aims for macroeconomic stability anchored in development, digital transformation, and targeted social equity to rebuild trust and competitiveness.
IMF Reviewing 2026 Budget; $347 Mn Tranche Decision Soon 📈
• The IMF is currently reviewing Sri Lanka's 2026 Budget, which, along with the Fifth Review under the EFF, will be considered by the Executive Board in the coming weeks. • Crucially, Board approval will unlock $347 million in financing (the Fifth Tranche). A staff-level agreement was already reached on 9 October. • IMF Director of Communications Julie Kozack stressed the need for continued structural reforms to strengthen the growth outlook. Key areas include: • Trade liberalisation and streamlined regulation for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). • Accelerated governance reforms. • Strengthening social protection; "continuing to protect the vulnerable" must remain a priority. • The IMF is assessing if the fiscal framework in the Budget aligns with commitments under the existing program. • Separately, Fitch noted the 2026 Budget keeps the country on its fiscal reform trajectory, but cited potential risks from slower revenue growth and post-IMF debt.
📈 CA Sri Lanka Budget 2026 Review: Integrity, Tax Reforms & Slow Recovery
• The seminar acknowledged Sri Lanka’s hard-earned progress (e.g., debt rating upgrade) but called for national financial integrity and collective stewardship from all stakeholders, especially the corporate sector. • Economic Reality Check: Recovery is deemed slow and difficult. Poverty has more than doubled (likely >30%), and real wages are 10-20% lower than eight years ago. A call was made for closer coordination between the Treasury (fiscal) and Central Bank (monetary). • Major Tax Policy Concerns (SVAT Abolition): • The primary concern for exporters and the apparel sector is potential cash flow delays from VAT refund issues following the abolition of the SVAT scheme. • IRD assured two special export refund units are established to expedite refunds within the mandated 45 days via a new risk-based system and proposed e-invoicing. • Revenue Generation & Expansion: • Government aims to meet targets by expanding the tax net, including imposing VAT/SSCL on imported fabric/oil and lowering the VAT/SSCL registration threshold from Rs. 60 Mn to Rs. 36 Mn annually. • Critique: Reducing the SSCL threshold was argued to be counterproductive due to the cascading nature of the tax. • Investor Confidence & Systemic Issues: • Initiatives to boost confidence include the proposed Investment Protection Act and a Single Window digital platform. • A significant need was highlighted for a tax ombudsman to resolve the massive amount of tax disputes resulting from the self-assessment system.
Sri Lanka's Reform Era: 5 Perspectives on Discipline & Digitalisation 📝
• Sri Lanka’s reform path has entered a disciplined phase, shifting focus from grand policies to rebuilding long-term systems based on financial credibility, discipline, and technological transparency. • IMF (Evan Papageorgiou): Focuses on structural reform, setting fiscal guardrails, and ensuring consistent implementation for debt sustainability and improved governance. • World Bank (David Sislen): Views reform through a systemic lens, linking development financing to governance outcomes and accountability, stating that "good governance is development infrastructure." • Discipline (Lee Kuan Yew): Offers a model based on predictability, administrative integrity, and long-term planning for consistent reform and institutional confidence. • Credibility (Arj Samarakoon): Argues that success hinges on trust. Reform requires consistency in law, accessibility in governance, and digital efficiency to secure investor confidence. • Digitalisation (Rohan Samarajiva): Advocates for digital transformation as core governance reform, using efficient data systems and interoperable platforms to enhance transparency and citizen trust.
📈 SLC Achieves Historic Rs. 2.117 Trillion Revenue, Surpassing Target Ahead of Schedule
• Sri Lanka Customs (SLC) has recorded its highest-ever annual revenue, collecting Rs. 2.117 Trillion as of November 11, 2025. • This surpasses the 2025 annual revenue target of Rs. 2.115 Trillion, making SLC the top revenue-generating Government agency to date. • The performance was largely driven by the resumption of vehicle imports, which contributed Rs. 680 Billion to the total revenue. This marks a sharp rise from only Rs. 50 Billion collected from vehicle imports in 2024. • Additionally, general cargo revenue registered a 13% increase compared to the previous year. • SLC's revenue growth has been consistent, rising significantly from Rs. 975 Billion in 2023 and Rs. 1.503 Trillion in 2024, supported by enhanced enforcement and streamlined tax collection processes.
📈 Treasury Secretary: SL Targets 7% GDP Growth via Six-Pillar Strategy & Digital Reform
• The economy has transitioned from crisis to stability, setting a medium-term goal of over 7% GDP growth through consistent policy action. The 2026 Budget emphasizes governance, fiscal discipline, and transparency to restore investor confidence. • Six Key Strategies: The Government's medium-term vision is driven by: inclusive growth, export diversification, sustainability in policy, production economy, rural development, and digital transformation. • Market confidence is deemed strong, evidenced by strengthened reserves (even after reopening vehicle imports) and the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) reaching record highs. Debt sustainability is reaffirmed, with foreign debt repayments continuing smoothly since 2024. • Key Reforms: • Governance reforms include the appointment of independent directors to SOE banks and the forthcoming SOE Holding Company Law. • Digitisation is fast-tracked via the Electronic National ID (eNIC) and National Single Window system. A three-stage digital invoicing system for tax reporting begins with exporters by end-2025. • A $5 million Digital Innovation Fund is allocated to accelerate investments in tech startups. • VAT threshold was reduced to widen the tax base and formalize informal businesses, while tax consistency for investors remains central to policy. • Investment attention is focused on roads, ports, and domestic airports expansion to support the tourism sector's growth. The Government is also actively reviewing existing and exploring new Free Trade Agreements (FTAs).
Standard Chartered CEO: Budget 2026 'Credible & Doable' Amidst Fiscal Squeeze 📈
Standard Chartered Bank Sri Lanka CEO Bingumal Thewarathanthri described the 2026 Budget as a "credible and a doable plan," maintaining a "cautiously optimistic" outlook essential for sustaining the IMF program. • Fiscal & Revenue: • Commended the projected 30% YoY revenue growth as ambitious yet realistic. • The 2026 Revenue-to-GDP target (15–15.2%) is achievable, partly due to the expected boost from renewed vehicle imports. • Key Constraint: The country's Interest-to-Revenue ratio is ~57% (among the world's highest). Interest payments (~US$ 2.6 Bn) alone consume over half of the estimated Government revenue (~US$ 4.5 Bn). • Growth & Stability: • Realistic real GDP growth for 2026 is projected between 2–5%, with sustained recovery in tourism and construction needed to hit the higher end. • Inflation is expected to average 3–4% in 2026, aligning with the Central Bank's 5% target. • Meeting these revenue and inflation targets are the key "anchor points" for macroeconomic stability. • Structural Reforms: • Commended structural initiatives such as the PPP Act, the Digital Economy Blueprint (EDP), National Single Window System, and upgrades to port/logistics infrastructure. • These are seen as crucial building blocks for long-term growth, modernising business, and gradually restoring investor confidence to regain market access.</blockquote>
🇱🇰 Fiscal Test Ahead: 2026 Revenue Targets "Ambitious" & Spending Rigid, Warns Economist 📈
Economist Dr. Roshan Perera has cautioned that while Budget 2026 sustains macroeconomic stability, achieving its fiscal goals—especially revenue—will be challenging, urging continued discipline after the IMF program. • Fiscal Discipline: Commends the plan for a fourth consecutive primary surplus in 2026, but warns that sustaining fiscal prudence post-IMF program is the "real test" of policy credibility. • Revenue Concerns: The 2026 revenue targets are seen as "ambitious" with few new tax measures. • Questions the sustainability of import-based tax revenue (e.g., vehicle imports) which boosted 2025, due to policy curbs (SSEL/LTV). • Cautions against overestimating near-term revenue gains from tax administration upgrades (e-invoicing, RAMIS 3.0) due to implementation complexity. • Notes the persistent tax mix imbalance (current 25:75 Direct:Indirect) disproportionately burdens low-income households. • Expenditure Rigidity: Urges rationalising recurrent spending. • The Wage bill is projected to remain high at 3.8% of GDP in 2026. • Questions the need for recruiting 75,000 new public servants given the existing 1.4-1.5 million civil service workforce. • Social Impact: Macro-stabilisation benefits are yet to reach ordinary citizens; growth is weak, and poverty remains above 20%. • Total social transfers (including Aswesuma) account for less than 1% of GDP, underscoring limited fiscal prioritisation for vulnerable groups.
SL SME Funding Crisis: Rs. 80 Bn Risks Underutilisation 📈
Selyn Business Development Director Selyna Peiris warns that a record Rs. 80 Bn allocated for SMEs in the 2026 Budget faces severe underutilisation due to a critical "implementation gap" and structural barriers. • Core Issue: The challenge is "absorption, not allocation." Deep procedural and structural flaws prevent SMEs, especially youth and women-led ventures outside Colombo, from accessing promised support. • Budget & Target: The Rs. 80 Bn allocation (record high) is largely targeted towards Agriculture and related industries. • Evidence of Failure: Previous schemes show a worrying pattern: Low-Interest Loans (Rs. 6 Bn): Only Rs. 458 Mn was actually disbursed. Credit Guarantee Scheme (Rs. 15 Bn): Only Rs. 1 Bn was utilised. • Impact: This lack of access disproportionately hurts rural, youth, and women entrepreneurs, creating an uneven playing field. Peiris warns that this "fear" and uncertainty is driving many SMEs back into the informal cash economy. • Call to Action: Urgent focus needed on "implementation, not intention" to fix the disconnect between policy and access.
📈 WCIC Welcomes Budget 2026 Focus on Women & SMEs
• The Women’s Chamber of Industry and Commerce (WCIC) views the 2026 Budget as a positive step for women-owned Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), highlighting the strong focus on SME growth and specific allocations for women entrepreneurs. • Key Positive Measures Welcomed: • Strengthening of the start-up ecosystem. • Making QR code payments under Rs. 5,000 free of charge, benefiting SMEs. • Consolidation of NEDA and SMED under the Industrial Development Board (IDB) for efficient industry service. • Challenges & Concerns: • Success depends on effective program reach and addressing structural barriers like access to finance and childcare. • The lowered VAT threshold may pose challenges for small businesses with thin margins. • Proposed minimum wage increase could create additional financial pressure for SME employers. • WCIC is committed to ensuring support measures effectively benefit women entrepreneurs nationwide.
Budget 2026: Pivot to 7% Growth & Digital Transformation 📈
• Macro Targets: Budget 2026 targets aggressive 7% annual economic growth. Fiscal consolidation aims for Debt-to-GDP of 95% and a deficit of 5.2% of GDP by 2026, with state revenue projected at 15.3% of GDP. • Fiscal & Governance Reforms: Commitment to IMF-backed program continues. Key tax reforms include simplifying the Social Security Contribution Levy (SSCL) on vehicles and replacing the Special Commodity Levy on coconut/palm oil with VAT. E-procurement and digital asset management systems are introduced as structural anti-corruption tools. • Investment Pillars: Major allocations focus on high-impact sectors: ° Digital Leap: Allocation of Rs. 750 Mn for AI Service Centres, a 5-year tax concession for telecom towers, and establishment of a Virtual Economic Zone to boost ICT/BPM. Digital ID issuance is targeted by March 2026. ° Infrastructure: Rs. 34.2 Bn for road development (including Expressways) and Rs. 24 Bn for rural roads. ° Agriculture: Rs. 91.7 Bn allocated for irrigation infrastructure restoration (e.g., Senanayake Samudraya) to boost primary sector output. • Social Upliftment: Estate workers' daily wage is increased from Rs. 1,350 to Rs. 1,750 by Jan 2026. A collective Rs. 130 Bn is allocated for public sector salary and pension revisions. Substantial investments are made in health (Rs. 11 Bn for university medical faculties) and education. 🌟
📈 SL Budget 2026 & Fiscal Outlook: Consolidation Path Maintained
Fitch Ratings notes that the Sri Lankan government remains committed to fiscal consolidation, with sustained revenue performance identified as key to meeting medium-term goals. • 2025 Outperformance: The expected fiscal deficit for 2025 improved significantly to 4.5% of GDP, better than the original 6.7% target, driven partly by underspending on public investment (3.2% vs. 4% target). • 2026 Targets: The budget targets a deficit of 5.1% of GDP in 2026 (wider than 2025 expectation) and a Primary Balance surplus of 2.5% of GDP (down from 3.8% expected in 2025), which still exceeds the IMF programme target (2.3%). • Revenue Projections: Revenue/GDP is projected to fall slightly to 15.4% in 2026 from 15.9% in 2025. • Key tax projections include an 8% rise in income taxes and only a 3.5% rise for goods/services taxes (viewed by Fitch as conservative). • Taxes from external trade are expected to drop 1.2% in 2026 following a surge in vehicle imports in 2025. • Investment & Debt: New measures include a LKR 342 Bn allocation for road development and tax incentives for digital infrastructure. High government debt (100.5% of GDP in 2024, projected 96% in 2027) remains a core weakness for the sovereign credit profile.
SLAITO welcomes Budget '26 infrastructure; ADB approves $100M for Fiscal Reforms 📈
• The Tourism sector, via SLAITO, welcomed the Budget 2026 focus on infrastructure, including plans to upgrade domestic airports (Sigiriya, Trincomalee, Hingurakgoda - Rs. 1 Bn allocation) and resume expansion of the Bandaranaike International Airport (BIA). • KEY CAVEAT: SLAITO President Nalin Jayasundera stressed that infrastructure development alone cannot sustain tourism; it requires a robust, consistent global marketing strategy to attract year-round visitors and meet the ambitious 2030 targets of 4 million visitors and US$ 8 Bn in annual earnings. • Tourism Allocations: Rs. 3.5 Bn for destination development (nature/heritage), Rs. 2.5 Bn for Beira Lake redevelopment, and plans to redevelop 900+ State-owned resorts with private sector collaboration. • The reduction in the VAT threshold from Rs. 60 Mn to Rs. 36 Mn (effective Apr 1, 2026) was welcomed as a move to discourage companies from splitting operations to avoid taxes. • ADB Financing: Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved a US$ 100 Mn financing package to strengthen fiscal resilience, improve public expenditure management, and enhance revenue mobilisation. • The ADB funds will support key reforms, including developing a legal framework for Public-Private Partnerships (PPP), creating a comprehensive Fiscal Risk Statement, and introducing a climate finance strategy.
2026 Budget Critique: Apparel & Tea Risks Ignored Amid Fiscal Gaps 📈
• The 2026 Budget projects Revenue & Grants at Rs. 5,700 Bn, but the Tax Revenue/GDP ratio is expected to decline from 13.0% (2025) to 12.4% (2026). • The Budget Deficit is projected to widen from Rs. 1.448 Tn (2025) to Rs. 1.7 Tn (2026). Domestic borrowing surges to Rs. 3.630 Tn, raising concerns about crowding out private credit. • Debt-to-GDP is forecast to hover around 99% in 2026. • Financing Risk: Credit growth is largely driven by distress borrowing; pawning advances surged 53% to Rs. 1.3 Tn by Q3 2025, signaling household struggle rather than enterprise investment. • Sectoral Warnings: • Apparel & Textiles faces a potential loss of US$110 Mn–$290 Mn due to the new 30% US tariff, with no mitigation strategy allocated in the Budget. • Tea Industry: Proposed wage hikes (up to Rs. 1,700–2,000/day) lack productivity linkage, threatening unit costs and global competitiveness without sectoral reform. • Misplaced Priorities: The Budget allocates Rs. 12.5 Bn for Government vehicles, compared to only Rs. 3 Bn for public transport. Education funding is cut to 1.2% of GDP—the lowest in South Asia.
SL Tourism: From Peak Revenue to Future Growth Strategy 📈
• Tourism has been a key driver of economic growth and foreign currency earnings since 2009, succeeding tea as the primary 'cash cow' source. • Sector revenue peaked at over US$ 4.4 Billion in 2018 before dropping to US$ 3.6 Billion following the 2019 Easter attacks and further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. • The current government is strategically promoting the sector to boost the national economy, focusing on job creation for rural communities and youth, and expanding into sustainable experiences like eco-tourism and community-based tourism. • A US$ 100 Million loan package has been secured from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) (US$ 70M as a concessional loan) to fund tourism promotion, with the sector targeted as a major source of foreign exchange for 2026. • Caution: Over-reliance on tourism poses risks due to high vulnerability to global crises. Diversification is advised into sectors like agriculture and renewable energy (solar/wind), along with attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to these areas.
ADB Approves US$ 100 Mn for Sri Lanka's Macroeconomic Resilience 📈
• The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has approved a US$ 100 Mn financing package to build on Sri Lanka’s progress toward macroeconomic stability and achieve sustainable growth. • The program is designed to strengthen fiscal governance and promote an efficient, accountable, and resilient public sector, focusing on three key reform areas: • Enhancing efficiency and transparency in public expenditure management and optimizing resource allocation. • Improving revenue mobilization through stronger domestic and international tax compliance, including a new multiyear tax compliance strategy. • Fostering private sector participation by developing a legal framework for Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) and mobilizing climate finance and private investment. • The financing will also strengthen the management, transparency, and accountability of State-Owned Enterprises (SOE), supporting the implementation of an SOE credit risk framework. • First-time initiatives supported include: a comprehensive Fiscal Risk Statement, a climate finance strategy, and reforms addressing gender gaps through SDG budget tagging and public procurement changes.
Record Private Sector Borrowings Spike in September 2025 📈
• Private sector credit reached a new monthly high of Rs. 236.3 billion in September, the highest recorded, following Rs. 227 Bn in August. • The total outstanding private sector debt stock now stands at Rs. 9.52 Trillion, a significant 22.1% Year-on-Year (YoY) increase. • Source Breakdown (Sept): The surge was driven by the domestic banking sector, which extended Rs. 247.1 billion in credit, while credit from foreign banks dropped by Rs. 10.8 billion. • Outstanding private debt from domestic banks over the first nine months of 2025 showed a 23.6% YoY increase, reaching Rs. 8.93 Trillion. • Government Credit: Outstanding credit stock grew by a modest 3.3% YoY to Rs. 8.28 Trillion. • Public Corporations Credit: Total credit outstanding fell by 7.4% YoY to Rs. 608 billion, with the domestic banking sector portion decreasing by 8.5% YoY.
📈 SL Workers' Remittances Soar to US$ 712 Mn in Oct 2025
• Sri Lanka’s workers’ remittances reached US$ 712 million in October 2025, the highest monthly inflow so far this year and the second-highest in the country’s history. • The figure reflects a strong 21.2% Year-on-Year (YoY) increase, continuing a streak of record inflows for the seventh consecutive month. • Cumulative Performance (Jan-Oct 2025): Total remittances surpassed US$ 6.5 Bn, registering a robust 20.1% YoY increase. This marks the strongest YTD performance since 2016. • The sustained surge is attributed to continued strong overseas earnings and increased outbound labour migration post-crisis, reinforcing remittances as the single largest source of foreign exchange for the economy. • For context, October's inflow is second only to the all-time high of US$ 812.7 Mn recorded in December 2020. The current YTD total is also 9% higher than the same period in 2016.
Post-Budget 2026 Forum 📈: SCB Backs Key Economic Discussion
• The annual Daily FT-Colombo University MBA Alumni Association post-Budget Forum 2026 is scheduled for tomorrow (Nov 11), 8:45 a.m. to 12 p.m., at ITC Ratnadipa. • Standard Chartered Bank Sri Lanka serves as the Strategic Partner for the forum, which is themed "Charting the Course Ahead." • The event will feature a high-level discussion on the implications of Budget 2026 for Sri Lanka's economy. • Key speakers lined up include: Duminda Hulangamuwa (Senior Economic Adviser to the President). Bingumal Thewarathanthri (Standard Chartered Bank CEO). Roshan Perera (Economist). Selyna Peiris (Selyn Sri Lanka Business Development Director), representing the export-focused apparel & textiles related sector. • The session will be moderated by Daily FT Chief Editor/CEO Nisthar Cassim.
🇱🇰 Official Reserves Marginally Decline in Oct 2025 📉
• Sri Lanka's Official Reserve Assets (ORAs) saw a slight decrease, falling by US$ 28 million from the previous month to reach US$ 6.21 billion at the end of October 2025. • Reserve Composition: The total includes US$ 6.1 billion in foreign currency reserves, US$ 80 million in gold, and US$ 31 million in Special Drawing Rights (SDR). • Expected Outflows: The CBSL forecasts a net outflow from reserves of approximately US$ 1.98 billion over the next 12 months. • Forward Commitments: Aggregate short and long positions in foreign currency forwards and futures amount to US$ 2 billion within the next three months, with an additional US$ 1.4 billion due between three months and one year.
AKD's Budget 2026: Neo-Liberal Path & Growth Concerns 📈
• President AKD presented Budget 2026, confirming a commitment to IMF-prescribed neo-liberal economic policies (Washington Consensus principles), marking a significant policy shift from his previous stance. • Growth: Current economic expansion of around 5% is deemed insufficient for long-term prosperity, which the writer suggests requires consistent growth exceeding 9%. The medium-term growth target of 7% is considered inadequate. • Reserves: Gross Official Reserves (GOR) above US$ 6 Bn are viewed as misleading. After excluding the ~US$ 1.3 Bn Chinese Yuan SWAP facility (deemed unusable for general payments), usable GOR is closer to US$ 4.7 Bn. Net Foreign Assets (NFA) stood at only US$ 1.9 Bn (Rs 567 Bn) by end-September 2025. • Fiscal Policy: The pursuit of a Primary Account Surplus is achieved by curtailing capital expenditure and expanding the tax base. This approach is critiqued as negative for future economic growth, arguing that a Revenue Account surplus (Government savings) should be the primary goal. • Strategy: While digitalisation is the main development strategy and is deemed necessary, critics stress it is not sufficient. There is an urgent need for a concrete plan focused on real sector development to ensure sustained wealth and stability, an area only partly addressed by the Budget.
📈 Budget 2026 Proposal: VAT & SSCL Registration Threshold Reduced
The Finance Minister has proposed a significant reduction in the annual turnover threshold for mandatory tax registration in the upcoming Budget 2026. • Objective: Broadening the national tax base. • Taxes Affected: Value Added Tax (VAT) and the Social Security Contribution Levy (SSCL). • Threshold Change: The annual turnover requirement for registration is proposed to be lowered from the current Rs. 60 million to Rs. 36 million. • Effective Date: This change is scheduled to take effect from April 01, 2026.
📈 SL Rules Out 2028 Debt Default; Confident on Payment Capacity
• President Anura Kumara Disanayake, during the 2026 Budget presentation, ruled out another debt default, assuring the nation of its capacity to meet future obligations, including the payment due in 2028. • 2025 Debt Servicing Performance: • US$ 1.95 Bn in foreign debt was serviced from Jan-Sep 2025. • Only US$ 487 Mn remains out of the US$ 2.43 Bn total due for 2025. • This 2025 total is an increase of US$ 761 Mn compared to the US$ 1.67 Bn paid in 2024. • 2028 Projection: The projected foreign debt service for 2028 is US$ 3.259 Bn, which is an increase of only US$ 824 Mn compared to 2025. • Debt Restructuring Relief: Creditors agreed to a 0.75% annual interest rate reduction on Governance-Linked Bonds (GLB) (saving US$ 7.9 Mn per year from 2028-2035) if the Government meets revenue targets of 15.3% (2026) and 15.4% (2027) of GDP. • Sustainability Goal: Public debt as a percentage of GDP is projected to decline and is targeted to be below 90% by 2032.
2026 Budget Unleashes Digital Economy Focus 🚀
• The 2026 Budget allocates a significant investment of Rs. 35.6 Billion to accelerate country-wide digitization and promote inclusive digital access. • ICT/BPM Hub Ambition: Rs. 500 Million is allocated as an initial step to attract investments in Data Centres, supported by financial, green energy, and low-cost electricity incentives. An additional Rs. 750 Million is allocated for an AI data centre. • Infrastructure Boost: Tax applicable to new digital infrastructure (communication towers) will be suspended for a period of five years to accelerate the spread of digital technology and improve coverage. • Start-ups & Zones: A new fund with an initial Government grant of Rs. 1.5 Billion will be established to accelerate the growth of the start-up ecosystem. • Investment & Trade: "Virtual Special Economic Zones" (VSEZ) will be established through the BOI to boost exports and employment. Two new dedicated IT zones are planned for Digana and Nuwara Eliya. • Public Services: The first digital National Identity Card will be issued early next year. All Government payments will be integrated into a digital system, with QR and service charges lifted on payments below Rs. 5,000.
Opposition Slams 'IMF-Scripted' Budget 2026: No Public Relief 📉
The Opposition and SJB leader Sajith Premadasa heavily criticized the 2026 Budget, calling it "IMF-scripted" and a "betrayal of public trust" that abandons citizens struggling with the cost of living. • Economic Confusion: MP Dr. Harsha de Silva claimed the President appeared "confused" between neo-liberal and protectionist economic ideologies, failing to outline a clear path for economic growth. • Key Omissions: Concerns were raised over the lack of detail regarding the upcoming property tax (set for 2027) and the cessation of the 5% additional interest benefit for senior citizens. • Impact on SMEs: MP Jagath Vithana warned that lowering the VAT threshold from Rs. 60 Mn to Rs. 36 Mn would "stifle small enterprises" and prevent their growth. • Implementation & Priorities: The Budget was branded as "all talk and no action," with critics arguing it prioritizes meeting fiscal targets and tax revenue over immediate public welfare and citizens' needs. • Controversial Spending: The tender process for importing double cabs for MPs was questioned, with MP Kavinda Jayawardena sarcastically noting that "only MPs got double cabs."
📈 Customs Smashes Records: Rs. 27.7 Bn Daily Revenue & Rs. 2.06 Tn YTD!
• Sri Lanka Customs achieved a historic milestone on Thursday (Nov 6), collecting a record Rs. 27.7 billion—the highest-ever single-day collection, surpassing the previous high of Rs. 24.7 billion. • The year-to-date (YTD) total revenue now stands at Rs. 2.06 trillion as of November 6, 2025. • Customs has already exceeded Rs. 2 trillion in annual revenue by the end of October 2025, marking the highest annual collection in its history and placing it well ahead of the ambitious Rs. 2.115 trillion target for the year. • Key Contributor: Motor Vehicle Imports significantly boosted earnings, contributing Rs. 630 billion to the total collection following the easing of import restrictions. • This robust collection follows a 60% Year-on-Year (YoY) surge recorded in 2024 (Rs. 1.53 Tn) over 2023 (Rs. 975 Bn), affirming Customs as the top revenue-generating Government agency.
SL Budget 2026: Stability is the Game Changer 📈
• Ceylon Chamber Chief Krishan Balendra hailed Budget 2026 as a continuation of post-crisis fiscal discipline and stability, which could usher in a new era of low inflation and renewed investor confidence. • Macroeconomic Turnaround: The economy is showing strong signs of recovery with low inflation, low interest rates, strong revenue growth, a reduced fiscal deficit, and a current account surplus. • Reforms & Confidence: • Most State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) are now breaking even or posting profits, demonstrating improved fiscal management. • Central Bank’s legal independence is expected to sustain low inflation/rates, boosting investor confidence. • A tangible sign of stability: Commercial banks are beginning to offer 10-year fixed-rate mortgages (previously unheard of). • Next Phase Urgency: Balendra stresses the need for an export-focused reform phase. Policy work must identify and scale one or two manufacturing sectors where Sri Lanka has a clear comparative advantage. • Existing FE Earners: Optimism remains high for current foreign exchange earning sectors like ports, logistics, tourism, and IT-enabled services.
AKD Questions Morality of Ex-Presidents' Privileges Amidst SL Bankruptcy
• President Anura Kumara Disanayake, during the 2026 Budget presentation, questioned the morality of his predecessors opposing the Government's move to cut some of their undue privileges. • He affirmed that the removal of privileges was done according to the "mandate of the people." • AKD contrasted Sri Lanka with other nations that grant privileges, stating that those countries "did not go bankrupt like us," emphasizing that Sri Lanka was made bankrupt. • The President highlighted severe national suffering as the core justification: • Millions of people go to bed without a single meal. • People suffer without means to buy medicine. • Children lack schools, and youth suffer without jobs. • He directly queried in Parliament whether, given the country's dire situation, it is moral for former presidents to continue enjoying extensive privileges.
🥥 Budget 2026: Tax Parity Proposed for Imported Coconut & Palm Oils
• Level Playing Field: A key proposal in Budget 2026 aims to ensure a level playing field for domestic producers by changing the tax structure for imported coconut oil and palm oil. • Current System: Imported oils are currently subject to a Special Commodity Levy (SCL)—Rs. 150 per kilogram for coconut oil and Rs. 275 per kilogram for palm oil. Locally produced oil is subject to general taxes (VAT & SSCL). • Proposed Reform: The SCL on imported coconut oil and palm oil will be removed. • New Structure: Imported oils will instead be subjected to the general tax structure, including Value Added Tax (VAT) and the Social Security Contribution Levy (SSCL). • Implementation: This tax reform is proposed to be implemented from April 2026.
🇱🇰 Budget 2026: Tax Parity for Fabric Imports
• A key tax proposal aims to ensure a "level playing field" between locally manufactured and imported fabric, impacting the vital apparel & textiles sector. • Current State: Local fabric is subject to VAT. Imported fabric is VAT-exempt but incurs a CESS of Rs. 100/kg. • Proposed Change: • The CESS on imported fabric will be removed. • VAT will be imposed on imported fabric. • Goal: To align the tax treatment of both imported and local fabric. • Effective Date: This measure will be implemented from April 01, 2026.
Budget 2026: Major Tariff Policy Overhaul Proposed 📈
• The President proposes revising the Customs Import Duty rates to align with the National Tariff Policy, effective April 2026. • The current three-tier structure of 0%, 15%, and 20% will be revised to a new four-tier structure of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%. • The proposal includes the gradual phase-out of para-tariffs through these revisions. • This measure is aimed at boosting economic growth and increasing the competitiveness of external trade. A time-bound implementation plan will be prepared to ensure a minimal impact on government revenue during the para-tariff phase-out.
🚗 Budget 2026: SSCL on Vehicles Collection Point Shifts
• The latest budget proposal addresses difficulties in properly collecting the Social Security Contribution Levy (SSCL) on vehicle sales. • Key Change: The SSCL is proposed to be imposed at the time of vehicle import or manufacture and sale. • Exemption: The levy will consequently be exempted for after-sales transactions (subsequent sales of the vehicle). • Implementation: This new mechanism for charging the SSCL on the automotive sector is expected to be effective from April 2026.
🏛️ Sri Lanka National Budget 2026 Speech Published
• The full text of the National Budget Speech for 2026 has been published and is now available for review. • Key economic policy proposals, revenue measures, and sector-specific allocations (e.g., for tea, apparel & textiles, and tourism) will be summarized once the content is analyzed. • Stand by for a detailed, data-driven breakdown of the budget's impact on business and the national economy.
Budget 2026 Expenditure Summary: Data Pending 🇱🇰
• Detailed content regarding the specific expenditure proposals for Budget 2026 is currently unavailable to summarize. • Please provide the full text of the proposals for a concise, WhatsApp-friendly summary.
Budget 2026 Estimates Summary (Details Pending) 📈
• Full details on estimated Revenue, Expenditure, and projected Fiscal Deficit for the Budget Estimates 2026 are currently unavailable. • Specific allocations and proposed investments across key sectors like ICT/BPM, Apparel & Textiles, and Tourism cannot be summarized at this time. • A complete breakdown, including key figures and policy proposals, will follow once the official content and data are released.
⚠️ Fiscal Oversight Risks US$ 70 M Debt Relief Under GLB
• Think tank Verité Research warns Sri Lanka risks losing US$ 70 million in debt relief tied to its Governance-Linked Bond (GLB) due to a fiscal planning oversight. • The relief is conditional on meeting specific revenue-to-GDP targets: 15.3% in 2026 and 15.4% in 2027. • Government’s current projections, while aligned with IMF expectations, fall slightly below the GLB thresholds, projecting 15.2% for 2026 and 15.3% for 2027. • This small gap in the projected revenue ratio is sufficient to prevent the benefit from being unlocked. • Verité Research suggests adjusting the revenue targets in the Budget to directly match the higher GLB requirements.
Budget 2026 Focus: Stimulus, Exports & Investments 📈
• President AKD will present Budget 2026 today, aiming to reignite economic growth via fresh stimulus, focusing on boosting investments and exports for job creation. • Analysts stress the phase of natural recovery post-contraction is over, necessitating fresh impetus and crucial reforms (e.g., ease of doing business). • Realized Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) saw a strong surge, increasing 138% Year-on-Year (YoY) to US$ 827 million up to September. • Government revenue remains robust: IRD collected Rs. 1.64 Trillion, exceeding the 9-month target (102%). Customs collected Rs. 2.0 Trillion by end-October, on track to surpass its annual target. • The Budget is expected to announce incentives for investments and potential tax relief for middle-income segments. • The disbursement of the sixth IMF tranche (US$ 347 million) hinges on the Budget 2026 successfully meeting program requirements. • Market sentiment is bullish, with the Colombo stock market surging past the 23,100-points mark ahead of the presentation.
🇱🇰 Budget 2026 Final Draft Reviewed; Presentation Set for Nov 7.
• President Anura Kumara Dissanayake reviewed the final draft of the Budget 2026 proposals last night (Nov 5) at the Presidential Secretariat. • This marks the second budget of the current government. • The Budget is scheduled to be presented to Parliament tomorrow (Nov 7). • The President will present the proposals in his capacity as the Minister of Finance, Planning and Economic Development. • Secretary to the Ministry of Finance, Dr. Harshana Suriyapperuma, was also present during the final review.
📈 SL Unpaid Care Work: Key to 30% GDP Boost & Poverty Alleviation
• The economic value of women’s unpaid care work could increase Sri Lanka’s GDP by at least 30%, underscoring its critical role in the national economy (WMC 2023 study). • Labour Force Barriers: • The 2021 Labour Force Survey indicates that women account for 73% of the economically inactive population. • A significant 59% of unemployed women cite care responsibilities as the primary reason for being outside the labour force. • New research from a Time Use Survey was launched, reiterating the urgent need to formally recognise the value of unpaid care work and integrate its reduction and redistribution into national policy. • Policy & Action: • The Ministry of Women and Child Affairs is preparing a strategic action plan to reduce the burden of unpaid care work on women, following the launch of the National Policy on Gender Equality. • The Canada-funded ‘Addressing Unpaid Care Work in Sri Lanka’ project (2024-2028) by The Asia Foundation and WMC aims to improve policy and support services, including daycare models for children, elders, and persons with disabilities.
🇱🇰 IMF Success ≠ Long-Term Growth: Economist's Caution 📈
• Sri Lanka has overperformed IMF program targets, achieving notable macroeconomic stability across Inflation, primary surplus, and interest rates, which is commendable given the 2022 crisis. • Caution: Achieving IMF targets ensures stabilization (the IMF's core mandate), but is not a guarantee of long-term economic growth or debt sustainability. SL's current debt burden is much higher, and credit ratings are lower than during previous periods of macro stability (1994-2019). • Lessons from Argentina's 2001 default (complacency despite IMF praise) and Mexico's 1994-95 near-default (vulnerability to external shocks like rising US interest rates) show risks remain. • Current economic growth is largely a cyclical recovery (driven by consumer spending/investment), not by structural reforms or technological infusion (per IPS State of the Economy 2025 report). • Long-term salvation depends solely on building a vibrant export sector, increased FDIs, and sustained reduction in borrowing costs.
2026 Budget Focuses on Industry Relief & Growth; No New Tax Hikes Ahead 📈
• Cabinet Spokesman reaffirmed that there will be no further tax increases in the upcoming 2026 Budget, prioritizing economic stability. • The core focus is on providing relief to as many industries as possible and sustaining economic growth. • The Budget aligns with the "Rich Country – Beautiful Country" policy framework, aiming to build a production-oriented economy. • President and Finance Minister Anura Kumara Disanayake will deliver the Budget speech (Second Reading) on Friday. • Parliamentary Schedule: The Second Reading vote is set for 14 November, with the final Third Reading vote scheduled for 5 December.
🚧 Sri Lanka Construction Proposes Budget 2026/27 Revival Plan!
• The Ceylon Institute of Builders (CIOB) has submitted its Budget Proposal 2026/27 for the construction sector, seeking urgent policy intervention and financial relief after six consecutive years of stagnation. • Key Target: Restore the sector's contribution to 10% of Sri Lanka’s GDP and aim for an industry turnover of Rs. 2.97 Trillion (approx. US$ 9.89 Bn). • Core Proposals Focus on: • Restarting stalled national projects (roads, hospitals, housing schemes). • Supporting SMEs (currently facing a 40% failure rate) through credit guarantees, lower taxes, and digitalisation. • Establishing an Infrastructure Fund and concessional loan schemes (≤6%) to reduce reliance on high-interest borrowing. • Job Creation: Targeting over 1.5 million direct employment opportunities. • Promoting exports, FDI, and enhancing local material production to cut import reliance. • CIOB urges the government to recognise construction as a priority crisis-hit sector to facilitate immediate financial support and relief measures. • Expected Outcome: The plan is projected to complete 60% of stalled projects and revive 3,000 SMEs if adopted.
📈 Sri Lanka's Mid-Year Fiscal Report: $ 547.5 Mn Foreign Inflows
• Foreign Loan Disbursements (1H 2025): Total inflows reached $ 547.5 million. • Top Sources: The largest share came from the IMF EFF (61% of total), followed by the World Bank (16%) and ADB (11%). • Sector Allocation: Majority (65%) was channeled to Budget Support. • External Debt & Service: • Total External Debt: Stood at $ 37.1 Billion as of end-June 2025. • Debt Service Payments: Totaled $ 1.36 Bn in 1H 2025, with $ 863.6 Mn for principal. • Arrears Status: The Ministry confirmed no external payment arrears as of end-June 2025. • Debt Outlook & Projections: • Debt-to-GDP: Currently estimated at 104.6% (2024). The IMF projects a decline to 96.8% by 2030. • Optimistic Forecast: Local research projects Sri Lanka could achieve 85–87% of GDP by 2032, exceeding the IMF target. • 2028 Cliff: Repayments starting in 2028 will add an extra $ 1 Bn, totaling $ 3 Bn, easing fears of a sudden "debt cliff." • Central Bank Activity: • Reserves Building: CBSL purchased over $ 1.4 Bn from the domestic forex market YTD end-September 2025, supporting reserves of $ 6.2 Bn. • Context: This was driven by monthly current account surpluses sustained since January 2025, though the trend ended in September due to a rise in vehicle imports.
📈 SL 2026 Budget: Investor Demands Amidst Record CSE Rally
• The Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) ASPI reaching all-time highs signals surging domestic investor confidence, driven by lower interest rates, improving corporate earnings, and optimism about macroeconomic stability. • Investors expect the 2026 Budget to translate this market confidence into policy credibility to sustain capital market momentum. • Key Domestic Investor Expectations: • Fiscal Consistency: Steadfast commitment to the agreed fiscal consolidation path with a sustainable deficit, focusing on revenue goals through improved tax administration and base broadening, avoiding disruptive levies. • Corporate Growth: Measures to reduce the cost of doing business and provide incentives for export-oriented industries, manufacturing, and technology sectors to boost listed company profitability. • Market Depth: Initiatives to encourage new listings, particularly from State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs), and broaden investor participation (e.g., reforms for pension/provident funds). • Crucial for Foreign Institutional Investor (FII) Re-entry: • Finalizing the remaining stages of external debt restructuring is paramount. • A clear timeline for structural reforms and SOE divestitures. • Improved governance, transparency, and ease of doing business. • The Budget must anchor the nation's journey from recovery to resilience; falling short on fiscal prudence and structural reforms risks triggering a market correction.
Biz Confidence Hits Record Peak Amid IMF Progress 📈
• The LMD-PEPPERCUBE Business Confidence Index (BCI) surged to an all-time record high of 212 in October 2025. • This marks a significant MoM jump of 17 basis points from 195 in September, and is sharply up from 139 recorded in October last year. The BCI is now 87 points above its historic median (125). • Drivers: The upswing is attributed primarily to government efforts to ease public pressure through relief measures and positive media narratives projecting greater stability. • Economic Context: IMF and local authorities reached a staff-level agreement following the fifth review of the ~$US 3 Bn Extended Fund Facility (EFF) arrangement. • Warnings: While economic gains were commended, both the IMF and World Bank caution that reform momentum must be maintained. The recovery remains incomplete, with growth still below pre-crisis levels and poverty persistently high. • Concerns remain that this record peak may be unsustainable in the medium term, given that the previous peak was short-lived and domestic political uncertainty persists.
SL External Sector Update: September CAD ends 2025 surplus streak 📉
• Sri Lanka registered its first monthly Current Account Deficit (CAD) of 2025 in September, hitting US$ 183 million, primarily driven by a surge in vehicle imports (US$ 286 million for the month). • The cumulative Jan-Sep current account remains strong, recording a surplus of US$ 1.9 Billion, up a robust 29% YoY. • Merchandise Trade figures show the deficit widening 23% YTD to US$ 5.17 Bn. Exports grew 7.3% YTD to US$ 10.2 Bn, while imports jumped 12.2% YTD to US$ 15.4 Bn. • Key growth drivers continued to perform well: • Worker Remittances showed strong inflows, up 20% YTD to US$ 5.8 Bn. • Tourism earnings rose 5.3% YTD, totaling US$ 2.47 Bn. • Gross official reserves, including the PBOC swap, remained steady at US$ 6.2 Bn by end-September. • Foreign investment saw a net inflow to Government securities, contrasting with a net outflow from the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE). The Rupee depreciated 3.9% YTD against the USD.
Balancing the Books: Call for Tax Affordability in SL's 2026 Budget 📈
• The core challenge to tax compliance is now affordability, not just willingness, as the combined weight of taxes (Income Tax, VAT, SSCL, etc.) undercuts the basic livelihood of honest citizens. • Amid surging living costs, a middle-income earner (e.g., Rs. 300,000/month entrepreneur) may contribute 35–40% of income through direct and indirect taxes, leading to quiet frustration and potential shift to the informal sector. • The Budget 2026 must restore the balance between citizens' willingness to pay (moral) and their ability to afford compliance (economic). • It is recommended that the IRD evolves from collector to guardian of fairness by: • Introducing a dynamic Affordability Index to review tax impact amid inflation. • Simplifying rules and low-cost regimes for SMEs, freelancers, and small businesses. • Using data analytics and intelligence to strengthen monitoring and identify leakages, avoiding new tax burdens on households. • The ultimate goal is to rebuild trust and make paying taxes realistic and manageable, ensuring compliance becomes a choice, not a struggle.
🇱🇰 Customs Revenue Hits Historic Rs. 2 Trillion Mark! 📈
• Sri Lanka Customs has collected over Rs. 2 Trillion (Rs. 2 t) in tax revenue as of 30 October 2025, achieving the highest annual collection in its history. • The department is well ahead of its ambitious Rs. 2.115 t annual target and is projected to exceed the target by Rs. 300 Billion (Rs. 300 b), confirming its position as the top revenue-generating State agency. • Key Sector Contributor: Motor vehicle imports accounted for a significant Rs. 630 Billion of the total collection following the easing of import restrictions. • This robust performance follows a strong 60% Year-on-Year (YoY) surge in 2024 revenue (Rs. 1.53 t from Rs. 975 b in 2023). • A record single-day revenue of Rs. 24.9 b was also reported on 15 October, largely due to the resumption of vehicle imports.
📈 CCPI Inflation Rises for Second Straight Month in October
• Headline inflation (Y-o-Y Colombo Consumer Price Index - CCPI) accelerated to 2.1% in October 2025, continuing the upward trend from 1.5% in September and 1.2% in August. • This acceleration aligns with the Central Bank's projections for a gradual rise towards the annual 5% inflation target. • Key Year-on-Year (Y-o-Y) Breakdown: • Food inflation accelerated to 3.5% (up from 2.9% in Sep). • Non-Food inflation increased sharply to 1.4% (up from 0.7% in Sep). • Core inflation, reflecting underlying trends, edged up to 2.2% in October from 2.0% in September. • The Month-on-Month change in CCPI was a marginal increase of 0.07%, driven by the Non-Food category (+0.10%), while Food recorded a minor decrease (-0.03%).
Sri Lanka Construction PMI Hits Multi-Year High in September 2025 📈
• The Sri Lanka Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) for construction activity surged to 67.6 in September 2025. • This marks the strongest increase in activity observed since late 2021. • Growth was underpinned by the persistent availability of project opportunities across nearly all types of construction. • New Orders saw a further increase, primarily driven by road rehabilitation projects. • Positive prospects are indicated by the expansion in both the Employment and Quantity of Purchases indices during the month. • However, Suppliers' Delivery Time remained lengthened.
📈 Advocata's 5 Fixes: Strategy Over Survival for SL's 2026 Budget
Advocata is calling for the 2026 Budget to abandon "cosmetic fixes" and implement five targeted, credible structural reforms to restore fairness, strengthen revenue, and accelerate growth. • Tax & Revenue: Replace the Port City's sweeping, costly blanket tax exemptions (up to 25 years) with performance-based tax credits. These credits must be tied to verifiable outcomes like job creation or capital investment, addressing Sri Lanka's low corporate tax revenue (2% of GDP in 2023 vs. 5.6% in Malaysia). • Agriculture Innovation: Pass a Plant Variety Protection Act (PVP) to grant breeders IP rights over new seeds. This is essential to unlock private investment in climate-resilient and high-yield crops, boosting sector productivity. • Land & Credit: Accelerate the Bim Saviya land titling program. After 25 years, only 1.1 million of 16 million land parcels are titled. Prioritizing this as an economic reform is critical, as clear titles can raise access to finance by up to 30%. • Trade Competitiveness: Fast-track the phase-out of Para Tariffs (Cess, PAL). The slow pace must be fixed using the Budget to finalize the elimination of Cess on manufacturing by end 2025. Trade openness has plummeted from over 100% of GDP in 2000 to just 63% by 2019. • Fiscal & Social: Modernize social protection. This includes transforming the EPF into a multi-fund system, introducing a contributory pension scheme for new public sector entrants (salaries/pensions consumed 43% of gov't revenue in 2023), and establishing national unemployment insurance.
🛣️ SL Secures US$90 Mn ADB Loan for Road Improvement (iRoad 2)
Sri Lanka has finalized a US$ 90 million loan from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) under the Second Integrated Road Investment Program (iRoad 2) – Tranche 5. • Objective: Enhance road transport efficiency by improving connectivity between selected rural communities and key socioeconomic centers, alongside strengthening national road agencies' capacity. • Scope of Work: The program will support significant road network upgrades: • Upgrading approximately 500 kilometers of rural access roads to all-weather, climate-resilient standards (inclusive of elderly, women, children, and persons with disabilities). • Rehabilitation of about 21 kilometers of national roads. • Maintenance of 100 kilometers of rural access roads. • Key Agencies: • Executing Agency: Ministry of Transport, Highways and Urban Development. • Implementing Agency: Road Development Authority (RDA). • The Loan Agreement was formally signed on 31 October 2025.
🇺🇸 Fed Cuts Interest Rates to 3-Year Low Amidst Stalling Labour Market 📉
• The US Federal Reserve cut its key lending rate by 0.25 percentage points, setting the new target range at 3.75% to 4%. • This is the second rate reduction since September and brings the key rate to its lowest level in three years, aiming to ease US borrowing costs. • The move was primarily motivated by a stalling labour market, with the Fed noting that "job gains have slowed this year" and the unemployment rate has "edged up." • The cut proceeded despite the US Government shutdown delaying the official jobs report, which left Central Bankers "flying blind" on the market's current state. • Alternative data from payroll firm ADP indicated the US economy lost 32,000 jobs in September, reinforcing the trend of sluggish hiring. • The decision was not unanimous, with two voting members dissenting (one preferring a larger 0.5% cut and another voting to hold rates steady).
🇱🇰 SL Census 2024: Population Hits 21.78m with Significant Ageing Trend 📈
• Sri Lanka’s population reached 21.78 million in 2024, recording an increase of 1.42 million (m) since the 2012 census. • Demographic Shift: The census confirms a strong ageing trend. The elderly (65+ years) share rose significantly from 7.9% (2012) to 12.6% (2024), while the youth share (under 15 years) fell from 25.2% to 20.7%. • The Dependency Ratio rose marginally from 49.4% to 49.8%, signaling future labour constraints, rising healthcare costs, and increased demand for retirement support systems. • Gender: Female population (51.7%) exceeds males, with the sex ratio falling to 93.3 males per 100 females. The rural population saw the largest increase (1.34 m), while the estate sector declined by 35,968. • Housing Units: Occupied housing units reached 6.03 m, a 15.8% increase since 2012. The fastest housing expansion was seen in Mullaitivu (39.2%), Mannar (37.1%), and Kilinochchi (29.3%). The data highlights pressures in urban development and affordability.
📈 Massive Surge in Vehicle Import Tax Revenue in 9M 2025
• Government revenue from motor vehicle imports duties surged to Rs. 349 Billion in the first nine months (9M) of 2025. • This marks a massive 818% Year-on-Year (YoY) increase, up from just Rs. 38 Billion a year prior, according to the Finance Ministry. • The Central Bank revised the full-year vehicle import value projection upwards to US$ 1.5 Billion, significantly higher than the earlier US$ 1.2 Billion estimate. • Total physical vehicle imports reached US$ 668 Million for the first seven months of 2025. • Context: The IMF noted that the Government's strong fiscal performance was primarily supported by these taxes. • Caution: This revenue boost is considered temporary and not a structural improvement in national revenue administration.
SL Economy: IMF Projects 3.1% Trend Growth for 2026 📈
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projects Sri Lanka's economy will settle to a "trend growth" of 3.1% in 2026. • Deputy Director Thomas Helbling noted the strong economic recovery is due to the Government's continued implementation of the IMF-supported reform program. • This follows a significant rebound, with growth recorded at 5% last year (2024) and 4.8% in the first half of 2025. • Helbling explained that part of the strong rebound in 2024/2025 was normalization and somewhat temporary. • The return to the long-term trend growth of 3.1% is now expected to happen sooner than previously anticipated.
WB Urges Stronger Data & Verification for Aswesuma Program 📈
The World Bank (WB) has stressed the critical need for maintaining an accurate, up-to-date data system to correctly identify eligible beneficiaries for the Aswesuma Social Security Program. • Key WB Recommendations: • Inclusion in the database alone does not qualify citizens; data must be verified and analysed to accurately determine eligibility. • Establishing a comprehensive system is a "productive investment" for the country, requiring continuous updates. • The WB is ready to provide technical assistance and international expertise to strengthen the system. • Local Implementation Issues: • Members of Parliament suggested selecting beneficiaries through local committees and publicly displaying the list in villages to ensure transparency. • Officials noted initial challenges stemmed from inadequate information provided to implementing officers (Divisional Secretaries, Grama Niladhari), but steps are being taken to address this. • Economic Context: • WB reiterated that Sri Lanka's economy is still below 2018 levels. • Poverty, while expected to decline, remains twice as high as pre-crisis 2019 levels, with approximately 22% of the population currently below the poverty line.
SL, Australia Finalize Bilateral Debt Restructuring Deal 🤝
• The Governments of Sri Lanka and Australia have formally signed bilateral agreements on external debt restructuring. • This marks a significant milestone in Sri Lanka’s efforts to restore debt sustainability and follows the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) reached with the Official Creditor Committee (OCC). • Key Figure: The total outstanding debt obligations restructured under these agreements is estimated at approximately USD 39 million. • The deal provides essential debt relief, contributing to the path toward economic stability and strengthening the deep, longstanding relationship between the two nations.
APAC Fiscal Consolidation Stressed by External Headwinds 📉
• External Headwinds, primarily US tariffs on exports and weaker global demand, are impacting fiscal consolidation efforts across the Asia-Pacific (APAC), according to Fitch Ratings. • Growth Outlook: APAC growth is still forecast to remain higher than other regions, with some mitigation expected from US dollar weakness and central bank policy rate cuts. • Fiscal Pressure: Governments are increasing spending to support households amid the high cost of living (often signalling weak domestic activity). Spending pressure may also rise due to protests in countries like Nepal, Indonesia, and the Philippines. • Sovereign Outlooks: Most APAC sovereigns are on a Stable Outlook. Thailand is the key exception, receiving a Negative Outlook due to increased public finance risks from political uncertainty and growth headwinds. • YTD Rating Changes: • Upgrades: Pakistan (to 'B-' from 'CCC+') and Uzbekistan (to 'BB' from 'BB-'), reflecting progress in reform implementation and funding support. • Downgrade: China was downgraded in April (to 'A' from 'A+') due to expectations of continued weakening public finances and a rapidly rising public debt trajectory.
📈 Customs Hits Record Rs. 24.9 Bn Single-Day Revenue!
• Sri Lanka Customs (SLC) achieved its highest-ever single-day revenue collection on 15 October 2025, recording Rs. 24.9 billion. • The cumulative revenue collected for 2025 has reached Rs. 1.86 trillion. • SLC remains on track to meet its annual revenue target of Rs. 2.11 trillion. • A key driver for this significant revenue surge was the resumption of vehicle imports to the country, according to SLC officials.
📈 IPS Report 2025: SL Must Convert Rebound to Structural Growth.
• The Institute of Policy Studies (IPS) urges Sri Lanka to convert its post-crisis cyclical rebound into a structurally driven growth process, warning that sustaining recovery hinges on deeper productivity and efficiency gains. • GDP growth of 4.9% in H1 2025 reflects a stable policy environment. However, continued momentum requires structural reforms, particularly tackling rigidities in land and labour markets, and increasing openness to trade and investment. • Digitalisation and technology infusion are key to accelerating productivity gains while broader institutional reforms take effect. • Key Digital Data/Opportunities: • National computer literacy remains low at 39% (falling to 17.9% in the estate sector), highlighting the need for targeted investment. • Digital payments are strong among vulnerable groups, with 42% of the poorest 40% of households already using them, which can strengthen e-commerce. • Extending digital tools to agriculture will enhance export competitiveness via product traceability and reduced trade costs. • Policymakers must balance long-term reform goals with immediate short-term social demands as the country prepares to resume its external debt service obligations.
📈 Sept PMI: Manufacturing Gains Momentum; Services Expansion Eases
• Both Manufacturing and Services sectors continued to expand in September, as per the CBSL's Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) data. • Manufacturing PMI rose slightly to 55.4 (up from 55.2 in August), indicating a faster pace of expansion. • Growth was mainly driven by New Orders and Production, largely attributed to the textiles and wearing apparel sector. • Stock of Purchases increased in preparation for the upcoming festive season. • A key concern: The Employment sub-index fell below the neutral threshold due to difficulties in retaining/attracting skilled workers. • Services PMI registered 58.7, showing accelerated expansion but at a slower pace compared to the 68.9 recorded in August. • Expansion was strongly supported by performance in wholesale and retail trade and improving financial services (underpinned by increased lending activity). • Employment in Services continued to increase to meet operational requirements. • Outlook for both sectors over the next three months remains positive, supported by the expectation of strong year-end seasonal demand and favourable macroeconomic conditions.
IMF Global Growth Outlook: Fragile at 3.2%, India Sees Upgrade 📈
• The International Monetary Fund (IMF) pegs global growth to hold steady at 3.2% in 2025, but the outlook is deemed fragile. • Key Risks: Trade tensions and China’s slowing, export-reliant model are weighing on demand. An escalation of tariffs could cut global output by about 0.3 percentage points. • India's Performance: • India's 2025-26 growth projection was revised upward by 0.2 percentage points to 6.6%. • Domestic momentum, driven by resilient private consumption (7.8% in Apr-Jun quarter), is expected to offset external drag from higher US tariffs. • China's Challenges: • China faces persistent property-sector weakness, soft domestic demand, and a risk of debt deflation. • The IMF urged China to pivot towards consumption-led growth, flagging risks of misallocation from large subsidies in sectors like EVs and solar.
📈 Migrant Remittances Surge: Nears US$ 7 Bn Target
• September 2025 Remittances: Reached US$ 695.7 Mn, marking a significant year-on-year (YoY) increase of US$ 140.1 Mn compared to September 2024. • Year-to-Date (Jan-Sept 2025) Total: Remittances hit US$ 5.81 Bn, reflecting robust growth of 16.65% compared to the US$ 4.84 Bn recorded during the same period in 2024. • The foreign employment sector is highlighted as a key pillar strengthening national foreign reserves. • Outlook: The SLBFE projects remittances to surpass US$ 7 Bn by the end of 2025. This is supported by efforts to promote new overseas employment opportunities, with an estimated 300,000 Sri Lankans projected to take up foreign employment this year. Streamlined processes are in place for job placements in Israel, Japan, and South Korea.
🇱🇰💊 Govt. Approves Rs. 2.5 Bn Medical Supplies Procurement
• The Cabinet has sanctioned key medical procurements worth approximately Rs. 2.5 billion to ensure a steady supply of essential medicines and equipment across State hospitals. • Key Procurements Approved: • Epoetin Syringes: 2.25 million pre-filled syringes (for chronic kidney disease) from Reliance Life Sciences Ltd. (India). Total value: US$ 1.989 million. • Infliximab Vials: 24,000 vials (a biological drug for Crohn’s disease/arthritis) from Celltrion Inc. (South Korea) for US$ 3 million. • Human Growth Hormone (Somatropin): 448,000 IU (for growth deficiencies) via A. Baur & Co. Ltd., for Rs. 860.5 million. • Colistimethate Sodium: 218,000 vials of the antibiotic (for severe bacterial infections) via Ceyoka Ltd., for Rs. 32.48 million. • Soft Cloth Liner Tape: 500,000 rolls (for bandaging) approved for George Steuart Health Ltd. for Rs. 270.56 million (excluding VAT). • All procurements followed international competitive bidding and were evaluated by the High-Level Standing Procurement Committee and Procurement Appeal Board, emphasizing transparency in strengthening the public health supply chain.
💰 Cabinet Okays Foreign Currency Bond Sale Locally
• The Cabinet has approved the issuance of foreign currency–denominated Bonds for sale in the domestic market. • This policy decision is designed to tap into local investor demand for foreign exchange instruments. • A recent survey indicated a strong initial investor appetite, estimating demand at approximately US$ 100 million. • The Bonds will be structured as short- to medium-term instruments, with maturities ranging from less than one year up to three years.
Moody's Review: SL Growth Momentum & Fiscal Progress Continue 📈
• Moody's completed its periodic review of Sri Lanka's Caa1 foreign-currency long-term issuer ratings, maintaining a Stable Outlook. No credit rating action was announced. • Economic Performance & Outlook: • Real GDP growth remained robust at 4.8% YoY in the first half of 2025, following 5% in 2024. • Full-year growth is projected to moderate to around 4.5%. • Growth is led by the services sector, with tourism arrivals steadily recovering to pre-pandemic levels. Strong inward remittance growth is expected to help preserve a current account surplus. • Fiscal Consolidation: • Government revenues grew strongly by 26.5% YoY in the first seven months of 2025. • Goods & Services tax revenues increased by ~33% YoY, while Income Tax revenues grew by ~8.3% YoY. Revenue was notably boosted by vehicle import duties after restrictions were removed. • The Fiscal Deficit is expected to narrow to around 6.0%-6.5% of GDP in 2025 (down from 6.8% in 2024), with the primary balance remaining in surplus. • Key Challenges: The rating remains constrained by the government's weak debt affordability and high debt burden, as well as the economy's heavy reliance on external financing and exposure to climate risks. Continued implementation of structural reforms is crucial.